Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/27)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

this verse; nor does our loyalty to the Prophet’s household constitute any part of the Prophet’s reward—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

Moreover, this verse was revealed in Mecca, and Ali had not [yet] (1) married Fātimah, nor had any children been born to him (2).

As for the Verse of Mutual Imprecation, it is recorded in the Sahīh that when it was revealed, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—took Ali, Fātimah, Hasan, and Husayn by the hand, taking them with him for the mutual imprecation (3). He singled them out for this because they were his closest relatives. At that time, he had no son who could walk alongside him. He would, however, say of Hasan:

“This son of mine is a leader” (4).

Those two were therefore his sons, while Fātimah represented his women (5), [since] (6) none of his daughters had (7) remained except Fātimah—may Allah be pleased with her—(8). The mutual imprecation took place when the delegation from Najrān, who were Christians, came to him. This occurred after the conquest of Mecca—indeed, in the ninth year. In that year, the opening verses of Āl Imrān were revealed, and in that year was prescribed

(1) “Indeed” is omitted from (N) and (M). (2) (A) and (B) read: “to them both.” (3) The Verse of Mutual Imprecation is verse 61 of Sūrat Āl Imrān. The hadith to which Ibn Taymiyya refers is narrated by Āmir ibn Saad ibn Abī Waqqās from his father—may Allah be pleased with him—in Muslim, 4/1871 (Book of the Merits of the Companions, chapter “The Merits of Ali…”); Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 4/293–294 (Book of Tafsīr, chapter “Concerning Sūrat Āl Imrān”); and al-Musnad (al-Maārif ed.), 3/97–98. Ibn Taymiyya will discuss this verse below—in (B), 4/33–34—in response to Ibn al-Mutahhar’s remarks in (K), p. 154 (M). (4) This hadith appeared previously in this book, pp. 539–540. (5) (B) alone reads: “Thus, they are his sons and his women.” (6) “Since” appears only in (B). (7) “Indeed” is omitted from (A) and (B). (8) “May Allah be pleased with her” appears only in (N) and (M).

هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، وَلَيْسَتْ مُوَالَاتُنَا لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ مَنْ أَجْرِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي شَيْءٍ. وَأَيْضًا فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ مَكِّيَّةٌ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِيٌّ بَعْدُ [قَدْ] (١) تَزَوَّجَ بِفَاطِمَةَ وَلَا وُلِدَ لَهُ (٢) أَوْلَادٌ. وَأَمَّا آيَةُ الِابْتِهَالِ فَفِي الصَّحِيحِ أَنَّهَا لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ أَخَذَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ وَفَاطِمَةَ وَحَسَنٍ وَحُسَيْنٍ لِيُبَاهِلَ بِهِمْ (٣) لَكِنْ خَصَّهُمْ بِذَلِكَ؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا أَقْرَبَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ وُلِدَ ذَكَرٌ إِذْ ذَاكَ يَمْشِي مَعَهُ. وَلَكِنْ كَانَ يَقُولُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ: " «إِنَّ ابْنِي هَذَا سَيِّدٌ» (٤) " فَهُمَا ابْنَاهُ وَنِسَاؤُهُ (٥) [إِذْ] (٦) لَمْ يَكُنْ قَدْ (٧) بَقِيَ لَهُ بِنْتٌ إِلَّا فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - (٨) ، فَإِنَّ الْمُبَاهَلَةَ كَانَتْ لَمَّا قَدِمَ وَفْدُ نَجْرَانَ، وَهُمْ نَصَارَى، وَذَلِكَ كَانَ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ، بَلْ كَانَ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ، وَفِيهَا نَزَلَ صَدْرُ آلِ عِمْرَانَ، وَفِيهَا فُرِضَ

(١) قَدْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٢) أ، ب: لَهُمَا (٣) آيَةُ الِابْتِهَالِ هِيَ آيَةٌ: ٦١ مِنْ سُورَةِ آلِ عِمْرَانَ، وَالْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي يُشِيرُ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ تَيْمِيَّةَ جَاءَ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٤/١٨٧١ (كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ الصَّحَابَةِ، بَابُ مِنْ فَضَائِلِ عَلِيٍّ. . .) ، سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٤/٢٩٣٢٩٤ (كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ، بَابُ: وَمِنْ سُورَةِ آلِ عِمْرَانَ) ، الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٣/٩٧٩٨. وَسَيَتَكَلَّمُ ابْنُ تَيْمِيَّةَ فِيمَا يَأْتِي (فِي (ب) ٤/٣٣٣٤) عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ رَدًّا عَلَى كَلَامِ ابْنِ الْمُطَهَّرِ فِي (ك) ١٥٤ (م) . (٤) سَبَقَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ ٥٣٩ ٥٤٠. (٥) ب (فَقَطْ) : فَهُمْ أَبْنَاؤُهُ وَنِسَاؤُهُ. (٦) إِذْ: فِي (ب) فَقَطْ. (٧) قَدْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٨) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: فِي (ن) ، (م) فَقَطْ.