Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (3/471)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

I say:

The correct view is that they were called Rāfidis because they rejected Zayd ibn Alī ibn al-Husayn ibn Alī ibn Abī Tālib when he rose in Kufa during the reign of Hishām ibn Abd al-Malik. Al-Asharī and others also mentioned this(1).

They said(2): “They were called the Zaydis(3) because they adhered to the position of Zayd ibn Alī ibn al-Husayn ibn Alī ibn Abī Tālib. Zayd(4) received pledges of allegiance in Kufa(5) during the reign of Hishām ibn Abd al-Malik. The governor of Kufa was Yūsuf ibn Umar al-Thaqafī. Zayd gave Alī ibn Abī Tālib precedence over all the other Companions of the Prophet(6)—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—while affirming his loyalty to Abū Bakr and Umar, and he held that one should rise against unjust rulers. When he rose openly in Kufa(7) with the followers who had pledged allegiance to him, he heard(8) some of them maligning(9) Abū Bakr and Umar. He denounced(10) those from whom he heard this, whereupon those who had pledged allegiance to him(11) abandoned him. He asked them(12), ‘Have you rejected me?’ (*) They replied, ‘Yes.’(13)”

It is therefore said that they

(1) See *al-Maqālāt*, 1/129–130. (2) The following passage is al-Asharī’s wording in *al-Maqālāt*, 1/129–130. (3) *Al-Maqālāt* reads: “Zaydis.” (4) *Al-Maqālāt* reads: “Zayd ibn Alī.” (5) (N) and (M) read: “He had received pledges of allegiance in Kufa”; (W), (A), and (B) read: “He received pledges of allegiance in Kufa.” (6) *Al-Maqālāt* and (M) read: “the Messenger of Allah.” (7) *Al-Maqālāt*, 1/130, reads: “in Kufa.” (8) *Al-Maqālāt* reads: “who had pledged allegiance to him, he heard.” (9) (A) and (B) read: “concerning.” (10) (A) and (B) read: “he denounced.” (11) (N) reads: “followed him.” (12) The words “to them” are omitted in (N) and (M). (13) The words “They replied, ‘Yes’” are omitted from *al-Maqālāt*.

قُلْتُ: الصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُمْ سُمُّوا رَافِضَةً لَمَّا رَفَضُوا زَيْدَ بْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَمَّا خَرَجَ بِالْكُوفَةِ أَيَّامَ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ هَذَا أَيْضًا الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ (١) . قَالُوا (٢) : " وَإِنَّمَا سُمُّوا الزَّيْدِيَّةَ (٣) . لِتَمَسُّكِهِمْ بِقَوْلِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. وَكَانَ زَيْدٌ (٤) . بُويِعَ لَهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ (٥) . فِي أَيَّامِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَكَانَ أَمِيرُ الْكُوفَةِ يُوسُفَ بْنَ عُمَرَ الثَّقَفِيَّ، وَكَانَ زَيْدٌ يُفَضِّلُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى سَائِرِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ (٦) . - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَيَتَوَلَّى أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ، وَيَرَى الْخُرُوجَ عَلَى أَئِمَّةِ الْجَوْرِ، فَلَمَّا ظَهَرَ بِالْكُوفَةِ (٧) . فِي أَصَحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوهُ وَسَمِعَ (٨) . مِنْ بَعْضِهِمُ الطَّعْنَ عَلَى (٩) . أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ فَأَنْكَرَ (١٠) . ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَنْ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُ، فَتَفَرَّقَ عَنْهُ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوهُ (١١) . فَقَالَ لَهُمْ (١٢) .: رَفَضْتُمُونِي؟ (* قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. (١٣) " . فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُمْ

(١) فِي " الْمَقَالَاتِ " ١/١٢٩ - ١٣٠ (٢) الْكَلَامُ التَّالِي كَلَامُ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ فِي " الْمَقَالَاتِ " ١/١٢٩ - ١٣٠ (٣) الْمَقَالَاتِ: زَيْدِيَّةً (٤) الْمَقَالَاتِ: زَيْدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ (٥) ن، م: قَدْ بُويِعَ بِالْكُوفَةِ، و، أ، ب: بُويِعَ بِالْكُوفَةِ (٦) الْمَقَالَاتِ، م: رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (٧) الْمَقَالَاتِ: ١/١٣٠: فِي الْكُوفَةِ (٨) الْمَقَالَاتِ: بَايَعُوهُ سَمِعَ (٩) أ، ب: فِي (١٠) أ، ب: أَنْكَرَ (١١) ن: تَابَعُوهُ (١٢) لَهُمْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) (١٣) عِبَارَةُ " قَالُوا: نَعَمْ ". سَاقِطَةٌ مِنَ " الْمَقَالَاتِ