Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and to kill (1) men of learning and religion, while sparing artisans and merchants who could benefit him in worldly affairs. He also seized the charitable endowment belonging to the Muslims and would give as much of it as Allah willed to the polytheists’ scholars and shaykhs, including the Bakhshiyya (2) sorcerers (3) and their like. When he built the observatory at Marāgha (4), following the way of the polytheistic Sabians, those who received the smallest (5) share of it were those closest to (6) the adherents of the various religions, while those who received the largest share were those furthest removed from (7) all religion, such as the Sabians [who were polytheists, and such as the negationists] (8), and all the other polytheists, [even if they earned their livelihood through astrology, medicine, and the like] (9).

(1) (A) and (B) read: “and by killing.” (2) (H) and (R) read: *al-Najashiyya*; (A), (B), and (W) read: *al-Nakhashiyya*; in (N) and (M), the word is unpointed. The reading adopted here is from (S). Barthold states in the *Encyclopaedia of Islam* that *bakhsh* is of Sanskrit origin, deriving from *bhikshu*, a term denoting Buddhist priests; this is one of its meanings. A. K. Banarjee discusses the Bhagavata, an ancient Indian philosophy, on pp. 120–130 of vol. 1 of *History of Philosophy Eastern and Western* (London, 1952). Perhaps, then, the sect that made Buddha the focus of its worship was the Bakhshiyya. (3) (N), (M), and (W) read: “and the sorcerers.” (4) Yāqūt al-Hamawī states in *Mu‘jam al-Buldān* (Dictionary of Countries): “A famous and important city, the largest and most renowned city in Azerbaijan.” Qadrī Hāfiz Tūqān states in *Turāth al-‘Arab al-‘Ilmī fī al-Riyādiyyāt wa-l-Falak* (The Arabs’ Scientific Heritage in Mathematics and Astronomy), p. [0–9]08, that Nasīr al-Tūsī built the Marāgha Observatory for Hulagu. Its construction began in 657 AH, and it became renowned for its instruments and observational capabilities. (5) (B), (W), and (R) read: *akhas* (“most contemptible”); (N), (M), (H), and (A) read: *ahsan* (“best”). The reading adopted here, *abkhas* (“smallest”), is from (S). (6) (N) and (M) read: “from.” (7) (S), (R), (H), and (W) read: “further removed from.” (8) The text between square brackets is omitted from (N), (M), and (W). (9) The text between square brackets is omitted from (N) and (M); in (N), it is replaced by the word “the well-known ones.”
وَقَتْلِ (١) . أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالدِّينِ، وَاسْتِبْقَاءِ أَهْلِ الصِّنَاعَاتِ وَالتِّجَارَاتِ الَّذِينَ يَنْفَعُونَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَأَنَّهُ اسْتَوْلَى عَلَى الْوَقْفِ الَّذِي لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَكَانَ يُعْطِي مِنْهُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لِعُلَمَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَشُيُوخِهِمْ مِنَ الْبَخَشِيَّةِ (٢) . السَّحَرَةِ (٣) . وَأَمْثَالِهِمْ، وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا بَنَى الرَّصْدَ الَّذِي بِمَرَاغَةَ (٤) عَلَى طَرِيقَةِ الصَّابِئَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، كَانَ أَبْخَسُ (٥) . النَّاسِ نَصِيبًا مِنْهُ مَنْ كَانَ إِلَى (٦) . أَهْلِ الْمِلَلِ أَقْرَبَ، وَأَوْفَرُهُمْ نَصِيبًا مَنْ كَانَ أَبْعَدَهُمْ عَنْ (٧) . الْمِلَلِ، مِثْلَ الصَّابِئَةِ [الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَمِثْلَ الْمُعَطِّلَةِ] (٨) . وَسَائِرِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، [وَإِنِ ارْتَزَقُوا بِالنُّجُومِ وَالطِّبِّ وَنَحْوِ ذَلِكَ] . (٩) . .
(١) أ، ب: وَبِقَتْلِ (٢) هـ، ر: النَّجَشِيَّةِ، أ، ب، و: النَّخَشِيَّةِ، ن، م: الْكَلِمَةُ غَيْرُ مَنْقُوطَةٍ، وَمَا أَثْبَتَهُ عَنْ (ص) وَيَذْكُرُ بَارْتُولْدُ فِي دَائِرَةِ الْمَعَارِفِ الْإِسْلَامِيَّةِ أَنَّ (بَخَشَ) كَلِمَةٌ سِنْسِكْرِيتِيَّةُ الْأَصْلِ هِيَ بَهَشْكُو تَدُلُّ عَلَى كَهَنَةِ بُوذَا، وَهَذَا أَحَدُ مَعَانِيهَا وَيَتَكَلَّمُ A. K. Banarjee عَنْ Bhagavata وَهِيَ فَلْسَفَةٌ هِنْدِيَّةٌ قَدِيمَةٌ فِي الصَّفَحَاتِ ١٢٠ - ١٣٠ وَذَلِكَ فِي الْجُزْءِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ كِتَابِ: History of Philosophy Eastern and Wastern، London;١٩٥٢ فَلَعَلَّ هَذِهِ الطَّائِفَةَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تَجْعَلُ بُوذَا مِحْوَرًا لِعِبَادَتِهَا هِيَ الْبَخَشِيَّةِ (٣) ن، م، و: وَالسَّحَرَةِ (٤) فِي مُعْجَمِ الْبُلْدَانِ لِيَاقُوتٍ الْحَمَوِيِّ: بَلْدَةٌ مَشْهُورَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ، أَعْظَمُ وَأَشْهَرُ بِلَادِ أَذْرَبِيجَانَ، وَفِي تُرَاثِ الْعَرَبِ الْعِلْمِيِّ فِي الرِّيَاضِيَّاتِ وَالْفَلَكِ، لِلْأُسْتَاذِ قَدْرِي حَافِظ طُوقَان، ص [٠ - ٩] ٠٨ أَنَّ نَصِيرَ الطُّوسِيَّ بَنَى لِهُولَاكُوَ مَرْصَدَ مَرَاغَةَ، الَّذِي بُدِئَ فِي تَأْسِيسِهِ سَنَةَ ٦٥٧، وَقَدِ اشْتُهِرَ الْمَرْصَدُ بِآلَاتِهِ وَبِمَقْدِرَةٍ فِي الرَّصْدِ (٥) ب، و، ر: أَخَسُّ، ن، م، هـ، أ: أَحْسَنُ. وَالْمُثْبَتُ عَنْ (ص) (٦) ن، م: مِنْ (٧) ص، ر، هـ، و: أَبْعَدَ عَنْ (٨) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) ، (و) (٩) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) ، وَيُوجَدُ بَدَلًا مِنْهُ فِي (ن) ، كَلِمَةُ الْمَشْهُورِينَ

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