Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (3/392)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

In Sahīh Muslim, it is narrated from Umm Salama—may Allah be pleased with her—(1) that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said:

“There will be rulers whose deeds you will approve of and whose deeds you will condemn. Whoever recognizes their wrongdoing will be free of blame, and whoever condemns it will be safe—but not one who is pleased with it and follows it.”

They asked, “Should we not fight them?”

He replied, “No, so long as they pray.” (2)

Thus, the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—forbade fighting them, even though he stated that they would commit reprehensible acts. This shows that it is impermissible to condemn their conduct by the sword, as is advocated by those who fight rulers among the Kharijites, Zaydis, Mu'tazilites, a group of jurists, and others.

In the two Sahīh collections, Ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—(3) said: The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said to us:

“You will witness self-serving favoritism after me, as well as matters you will condemn.”

They asked, “What do you command us to do, O Messenger of Allah?”

He replied, “Fulfill the duty incumbent upon you, and ask Allah for what is due to you.” (4)

The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—thus informed us that the rulers would act unjustly and commit reprehensible deeds. Nevertheless, we were commanded (5) to give them what was due to them and ask Allah for what was due to us. He did not permit us to obtain our rights through fighting, nor did he allow us to withhold what was due to them.

In the two Sahīh collections, it is narrated from Ibn Abbās—may Allah be pleased with them both—(6), from the Prophet—may the blessings

(1) “May Allah be pleased with her” is an addition in (A) and (B). (2) This hadith appeared previously at 1/116, where I commented on it. (3) “May Allah be pleased with him” is an addition in (A) and (B). (4) This hadith appeared previously at 1/118, where I commented on it. (5) (A) and (B) read: “we were commanded”; (W) reads: “so the command was given that we should.” (6) “May Allah be pleased with them both” is an addition in (A) and (B).

وَفِي صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - (١) أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ: «سَيَكُونُ أُمَرَاءُ فَتَعْرِفُونَ وَتُنْكِرُونَ، فَمَنْ عَرَفَ بَرِئَ، وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ سَلِمَ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ، قَالُوا: أَفَلَا نُقَاتِلُهُمْ قَالَ: لَا مَا صَلُّوا» ". (٢) فَقَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْ قِتَالِهِمْ مَعَ إِخْبَارِهِ أَنَّهُمْ يَأْتُونَ أُمُورًا مُنْكَرَةً، فَدَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ الْإِنْكَارُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالسَّيْفِ كَمَا يَرَاهُ مَنْ يُقَاتِلُ وُلَاةَ الْأَمْرِ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ وَالزَّيْدِيَّةِ وَالْمُعْتَزِلَةِ وَطَائِفَةٍ مِنَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - (٣) قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: «إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً وَأُمُورًا تُنْكِرُونَهَا. قَالُوا: فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: " تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ» " (٤) . فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنَّ الْأُمَرَاءَ يَظْلِمُونَ وَيَفْعَلُونَ أُمُورًا مُنْكَرَةً، وَمَعَ هَذَا فَأُمِرْنَا أَنْ (٥) نُؤْتِيَهُمُ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي لَهُمْ، وَنَسْأَلَ اللَّهَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي لَنَا، وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ فِي أَخْذِ الْحَقِّ بِالْقِتَالِ وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ فِي تَرْكِ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي لَهُمْ. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - (٦) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى

(١) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٢) مَضَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ١/١١٦ وَعَلَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ هُنَاكَ. (٣) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٤) مَضَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ١/١١٨ وَعَلَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ هُنَاكَ. (٥) أ، ب: أُمِرْنَا ; و: فَأُمِرَ بِأَنْ. (٦) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) .