the created. It thus falls into three divisions:
One consists of commands, prohibitions, and permissions—this is prescriptive speech; another consists of reports about created beings (1); and another consists of reports about the Creator. Thus, “Say: He is Allah, the One” is [entirely] a description of the Most Merciful (2).
[We have discussed at length, in one volume (4), the precise meaning of the Prophet’s statement—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—“It is equivalent to one-third of the Quran” (3), and its exegesis in another volume (5)] (6).
And [as for] tawhīd in [worship,] will, and action (7), it is exemplified in the surah:
“Say: O disbelievers!
I do not worship what you worship,
nor do you worship what I worship.
Nor will I worship what you have worshipped,
nor will you worship what I worship.
To you your religion, and to me mine.”
[Surah
(1) Manuscript (ʿ): “about created things”; manuscripts (N) and (M): “about the created being.”
(2) “Entirely” is omitted from manuscripts (N) and (M).
(3) The hadith is narrated from several Companions, including Abū Hurayra, Abū Saīd al-Khudrī, Abū al-Dardā, and Anas ibn Mālik. See al-Bukhārī, 6:189, “Book of the Virtues of the Quran,” chapter “The Virtue of ‘Say: He Is Allah, the One’”; 9:114–115, “Book of Tawhīd,” chapter “Reports Concerning the Prophet’s Call—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—to His Community to Affirm Allah’s Oneness, Blessed and Exalted”; Muslim, pp. 556–557, “Book of the Prayer of Travelers,” chapter “The Virtue of Reciting ‘Say: He Is Allah, the One’”; Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 2:97–98, “Book of Witr,” chapter on Surat al-Samad; Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 4:240, 243, “Book of the Virtues of the Quran,” chapters “Reports Concerning Surat al-Ikhlās” and “Reports Concerning Idhā Zulzilat”; Sunan Ibn Mājah, 2:1244, “Book of Etiquette,” chapter “The Reward of the Quran”; and al-Musnad, al-Maārif edition, 18:152–153.
(4) Ibn Taymiyya wrote a book entitled The Response of the People of Knowledge and Faith Concerning the Meaning of “Say: He Is Allah, the One” Being Equivalent to One-Third of the Quran. It has been printed more than once, including by al-Khayriyya Press in 1325, and was republished in the Riyadh edition of Majmū al-Fatāwā, 17:5–213.
(5) This is the book Tafsīr Sūrat al-Ikhlās. It was published twice in Cairo and subsequently in the Riyadh edition of Majmū al-Fatāwā, 17:214–503.
(6) The passage in square brackets is omitted from manuscripts (N) and (M).
(7) Manuscripts (N) and (M): “And tawhīd in will and action”; manuscript (ʿ): “As for tawhīd in will, worship, and action.”