wills to act(1) while possessing complete capacity, the act must occur. While the act is occurring, it is impossible for him to will to refrain while acting, or to be capable of refraining while acting. Rather, his capacity to act(2) means that after acting he refrains from it; thus, he is capable of refraining at the second moment following the act’s occurrence, not while the act is occurring.
“If someone says(3), ‘This entails that the act is necessary rather than possible,’ then if he means that it becomes(4) necessary through another after having been possible in itself, this is true—just as it becomes existent after having been nonexistent, and while it exists, it cannot be nonexistent.
“Everything Allah Most High creates is in this position, for whatever He wills comes to be(5). Its existence is therefore necessitated by Allah’s will and power, while whatever He does not will does not come to be; its existence is thus impossible because Allah has not willed it. Yet what He wills is created, originated, and brought about by Him. Before He created it, it was possible(6) for it to exist or not to exist. But once it has come to exist by Allah’s will and power, it cannot be nonexistent while it is existent. (* It can become nonexistent only after having existed. Nothing can both exist and not exist simultaneously in the same state. Rather, it can exist instead of not existing, and not exist instead of existing