Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

And He Most High says:

“Indeed, We have made whatever is upon the earth an adornment for it.”

[Surah al-Kahf 7].

And He Most High says:

“Indeed, We have adorned the lowest heaven with the beauty of the stars.”

[Surah al-Sāffāt 6].

And He Most High says:

“He knows what enters the earth and what emerges from it, what descends from heaven and what ascends into it.”

[Surah al-Hadīd: 4].

And He Most High says:

“He sends down the angels with the Spirit by His command upon whomever He wills.”

[Surah al-Nahl: 2].

And He says:

“The Trustworthy Spirit brought it down.”

[Surah al-Shu‘arā’: 193].

And He says:

“With the truth We sent it down, and with the truth it came down.”

[Surah al-Isrā’: 105].

And He says:

“And We sent down water from heaven.”

[Surah al-Mu’minūn: 18].

And He Most High says:

“They will say to their skins, ‘Why did you testify against us?’ They will reply, ‘Allah, Who gave speech to everything, gave us speech.’”

[Surah Fussilat: 21],

and Solomon—peace and blessings be upon him—said:

“O people, we have been taught the language of birds and have been given of all things.”

[Surah al-Naml: 16].

And He Most High says:

“By the Lord of heaven and earth, it is indeed the truth, just as surely as you speak.”

[Surah al-Dhāriyāt: 23]. Thus, they spoke, while He caused them to speak; and He is the One Who gave speech to everything.

Therefore, if He [Blessed and Exalted is He](1) has placed within inanimate things powers that act, and has attributed those actions to them—without this precluding His being the Creator of their actions—then it is all the more fitting that one should not

(1) The phrase “blessed and exalted is He” is absent from (ʿA).
وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا مَا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ زِينَةً لَهَا} [سُورَةُ الْكَهْفِ ٧] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّا زَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِزِينَةٍ الْكَوَاكِبِ} [سُورَةُ الصَّافَّاتِ ٦] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيهَا} [سُورَةُ الْحَدِيدِ: ٤] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ} [سُورَةُ النَّحْلِ: ٢] . وَقَالَ: {نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ} [سُورَةُ الشُّعَرَاءِ: ١٩٣] . وَقَالَ: {وَبِالْحَقِّ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ وَبِالْحَقِّ نَزَلَ} [سُورَةُ الْإِسْرَاءِ: ١٠٥] . وَقَالَ: {وَأَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً} [سُورَةُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ: ١٨] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَقَالُوا لِجُلُودِهِمْ لِمَ شَهِدْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا قَالُوا أَنْطَقَنَا اللَّهُ الَّذِي أَنْطَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ} [سُورَةُ فُصِّلَتْ: ٢١] ، وَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ: {يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عُلِّمْنَا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَأُوتِينَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ} [سُورَةُ النَّمْلِ: ١٦] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {فَوَرَبِّ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ مِثْلَ مَا أَنَّكُمْ تَنْطِقُونَ} [سُورَةُ الذَّارِيَاتِ: ٢٣] ، فَهُمْ نَطَقُوا وَهُوَ أَنْطَقَهُمْ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْطَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ. فَإِذَا كَانَ [تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى] (١) قَدْ جَعَلَ فِي الْجَمَادَاتِ قُوًى تَفْعَلُ، وَقَدْ أَضَافَ الْفِعْلَ إِلَيْهَا وَلَمْ يَمْنَعْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَالِقًا لِأَفْعَالِهَا، فَلَأَنْ لَا
(١) تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لَيْسَتْ فِي (ع) .

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