Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

a servant (1) an act, it does not follow that what was created is right on the servant’s part. Likewise, when He creates a taste or smell in a body, it does not follow that [it] (2) is pleasant; and when He creates for a servant two eyes (3) and a tongue, it does not follow that He thereby sees and speaks. Thus, the falsehood found among people is attributable to Him in the same way as all the reprehensible attributes and blameworthy conditions found in created beings (4). This does not entail that He is blameworthy in Himself or that He is characterized by those attributes. Yet the expression “attributable” is ambiguous. Do you suppose that (5), when the incapacity created in people is attributable to Him because He created it, He thereby becomes incapable? This demonstrates the invalidity of this argument (6).

The second [aspect] (7): They hold it possible that He creates the capacity to lie while knowing that (8) the person possessing it will lie, and that He creates the capacity for wrongdoing and indecent acts while knowing that the person possessing it will act wrongfully and commit indecencies. It is well known that when one of us (9) enables another to commit vile acts and assists him in them, this is treated as though he had committed them himself. Thus, whoever helps another to lie by giving him means (10) that he can use to do so is equivalent in reprehensibility to lying itself (11),

(1) (A), (B), and (M) read: “His servant.” (2) “That” is omitted from (N) and (ʿ). (3) (A) reads: “two eyes”; (N), (M), and (ʿ): “an eye.” (4) (A) and (B) read: “created things.” (5) “That” is omitted from (N) and (M). (6) (A) and (B) read: “this argument—and Allah knows best.” (7) “Aspect” is omitted from (N) and (M). (8) (A) and (B) read: *anna* (“that”). (9) “Of us” is omitted from (A) and (B). (10) (N) reads: “helped someone against another person through lying and gave him certain things.” (11) (N) and (M) read: “the liar.”
عَبْدٍ (١) فِعْلًا، لَمْ يَجِبْ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ الْمَخْلُوقُ صَوَابًا مِنَ الْعَبْدِ، كَمَا أَنَّهُ إِذَا خَلَقَ فِي الْجِسْمِ طَعْمًا أَوْ رِيحًا، لَمْ يَجِبْ أَنْ يَكُونَ [ذَلِكَ] (٢) طَيِّبًا، وَإِذَا خَلَقَ لِلْعَبْدِ عَيْنَيْنِ (٣) وَلِسَانًا، لَمْ يَجِبْ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَصِيرًا نَاطِقًا. فَاسْتِنَادُ الْكَذِبِ الَّذِي فِي النَّاسِ، كَاسْتِنَادِ جَمِيعِ مَا يَكُونُ فِي الْمَخْلُوقِينَ (٤) مِنَ الصِّفَاتِ الْقَبِيحَةِ وَالْأَحْوَالِ الْمَذْمُومَةِ وَذَلِكَ لَا يَقْتَضِي أَنَّهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ مَذْمُومٌ، وَلَا أَنَّهُ مَوْصُوفٌ بِتِلْكَ الصِّفَاتِ. وَلَكِنَّ لَفْظَ " الِاسْتِنَادِ " لَفْظٌ مُجْمَلٌ. أَتُرَاهُ [أَنَّهُ] (٥) إِذَا اسْتَنَدَ إِلَيْهِ الْعَجْزُ الْمَخْلُوقُ فِي النَّاسِ لِكَوْنِهِ خَالِقَهُ، يَكُونُ هُوَ عَاجِزًا؟ فَهَذَا مِمَّا يُبَيِّنُ فَسَادَ هَذِهِ الْحُجَّةِ (٦) . [الْوَجْهُ] (٧) الثَّانِي: أَنَّهُمْ يُجَوِّزُونَ أَنَّهُ يَخْلُقُ الْقُدْرَةَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ مَعَ عِلْمِهِ بِأَنَّ (٨) صَاحِبَهَا يَكْذِبُ، وَيَخْلُقُ الْقُدْرَةَ عَلَى الظُّلْمِ وَالْفَوَاحِشِ مَعَ عِلْمِهِ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهَا يَظْلِمُ وَيُفْحِشُ. وَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّ الْوَاحِدَ مِنَّا (٩) يَجْرِي تَمْكِينُهُ مِنَ الْقَبَائِحِ وَإِعَانَتُهُ عَلَيْهَا مَجْرَى فِعْلِهِ لَهَا، فَمَنْ أَعَانَ غَيْرَهُ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ بِإِعْطَاءِ أُمُورٍ (١٠) يَسْتَعِينُ بِهَا عَلَى الْكَذِبِ، كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْكَذِبِ (١١) فِي الْقُبْحِ،
(١) أ، ب، م: عَبْدِهِ. (٢) ذَلِكَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (ع) . (٣) أ: عَيْنَانِ، ن، م، ع: عَيْنًا. (٤) أ، ب: الْمَخْلُوقَاتِ. (٥) أَنَّهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٦) أ، ب: هَذِهِ الْحُجَّةِ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. (٧) الْوَجْهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٨) أ، ب: أَنَّ. (٩) مِنَّا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (١٠) ن: أَعَانَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ وَأَعْطَاهُ أُمُورًا (١١) ن، م: الْكَذَّابِ.

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