Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (3/206)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The second response:

It may be said: It is prescribed to be content with what pleases Allah. Allah has informed us that:

“He does not love corruption.”

[Surah al-Baqarah: 205]

“He is not pleased with disbelief for His servants.”

[Surah al-Nisa:]

And He Most High has said:

“When they conspire by night to say what does not please Him.”

[Surah al-Nisa: 108]

Such speech actually occurs among His servants, yet Allah has informed us that He is not pleased with it. If He is not pleased with it, how can He command His servant (1) to be pleased with it? Rather, the servant must be displeased with whatever displeases Allah (2), hate what Allah hates (3), and be pleased with whatever pleases Allah.

Allah Most High said:

“That is because they followed what angered Allah and hated what pleased Him, so He rendered their deeds worthless.”

[Surah Muhammad: 28]

Thus, He condemned (4) those who followed what incurred His wrath (5) and hated what pleased Him. He did not condemn those who hated what incurred His wrath and followed what pleased Him.

If it is asked, “How, then, (6) can Allah be wrathful toward and detest (7) what He has predestined and decreed?”

The answer is: Indeed, as explained above (8). According to the approach of the majority, [this is because the thing decreed is something He brought into being (9), and in their view hatred is distinct from will. As for the approach of the minority,] (10) they say:

(1) (A), (B), and (‘Ayn) read: “that he should.” (2) (N) reads: “is displeased with what displeases Allah.” (3) (N) and (‘Ayn) read: “what He detests.” (4) (A) and (B) read: “And He has condemned.” (5) (N) reads: “the things that incur Allah’s wrath.” (6) (A) and (B) read: “How.” (7) “Detesting” is omitted in (B). (8) (A) and (B) read: “Yes, as explained above.” (9) (A) and (‘Ayn) read: “something He brought into being,” which is an error. (10) The passage in square brackets is omitted in (N).

الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي: أَنْ يُقَالَ: الرِّضَا يُشْرَعُ بِمَا يَرْضَى اللَّهُ بِهِ، وَاللَّهُ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ: {لَا يُحِبُّ الْفَسَادَ} [سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ: ٢٠٥] ، {وَلَا يَرْضَى لِعِبَادِهِ الْكُفْرَ} [سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ:] ، وَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرْضَى مِنَ الْقَوْلِ} [سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ: ١٠٨] ، وَهَذَا أَمْرٌ مَوْجُودٌ مِنْ أَقْوَالِ الْعِبَادِ، وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَرْضَاهُ، فَإِذَا لَمْ يَرْضَهُ كَيْفَ يَأْمُرُ الْعَبْدَ بِأَنْ (١) يَرْضَاهُ؟ بَلِ الْوَاجِبُ أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ يَسْخَطُ مَا يَسْخَطُهُ اللَّهُ (٢) ، وَيُبْغِضُ مَا يُبْغِضُهُ (٣) اللَّهُ، وَيَرْضَى بِمَا يَرْضَاهُ اللَّهُ. قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمُ اتَّبَعُوا مَا أَسْخَطَ اللَّهَ وَكَرِهُوا رِضْوَانَهُ فَأَحْبَطَ أَعْمَالَهُمْ} [سُورَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ: ٢٨] فَذَمَّ (٤) مَنِ اتَّبَعَ مَسَاخِطَهُ (٥) وَكَرِهَ مَرَاضِيَهُ، وَلَمْ يَذُمَّ مَنْ كَرِهَ مَسَاخِطَهُ وَاتَّبَعَ مَرَاضِيَهُ. فَإِذَا قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ (٦) يَكُونُ اللَّهُ سَاخِطًا مُبْغِضًا (٧) لِمَا قَدَّرَهُ وَقَضَاهُ؟ قِيلَ: نَعَمْ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ (٨) . أَمَّا عَلَى طَرِيقَةِ الْأَكْثَرِينَ [فَلِأَنَّ الْمَقْضِيَّ شَيْءٌ كَوَّنَهُ (٩) ، وَعِنْدَهُمُ الْبُغْضُ مُغَايِرٌ لِلْإِرَادَةِ. وَأَمَّا عَلَى طَرِيقَةِ الْأَقَلِّينَ] (١٠) فَإِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ:

(١) أ، ب، ع: أَنْ. (٢) ن: يَسْخَطُ بِمَا يُسْخِطُ اللَّهَ. (٣) ن، ع: مَا أَبْغَضَهُ. (٤) أ، ب: وَقَدْ ذَمَّ. (٥) ن: مَسَاخِطَ اللَّهِ. (٦) أ، ب: كَيْفَ. (٧) مُبْغِضًا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب) . (٨) أ، ب: نَعَمْ عَلَى مَا تَقَدَّمَ. (٩) أ، ع: شَيْئًا كَوَّنَهُ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (١٠) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) .