Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

said—N, M read: “said”—in the Mother of the Quran:

“Guide us to the straight path—the path of those whom You have blessed, not of those who have incurred wrath, nor of those who have gone astray.”

[Surah al-Fātiha: 6, 7]

Thus He stated that He is the One who bestows the blessing, omitted the agent of wrath, and attributed straying to them. The Intimate Friend [peace be upon him] (1) said:

“And when I fall ill, He is the One who heals me.”

[Surah al-Shu‘arā’: 80]

This is also why Allah has the Most Beautiful Names: He named (2) Himself with the Most Beautiful Names, which entail goodness.

Evil, however, is mentioned only in created effects, as in His statement:

“Know that Allah is severe in punishment and that Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

[Surah al-Mā’ida: 98] (3)

And His statement at the end of Surah (4) al-An‘ām:

“Indeed, your Lord is swift in punishment, and He is indeed All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

[Surah al-An‘ām: 165]

(* And His statement in al-A‘rāf: (5)

“Indeed, your Lord is swift in punishment, and He is indeed All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

[Surah al-A‘rāf: 167]. *) (6)

And His statement:

“Tell My servants that I alone am the All-Forgiving, Most Merciful, and that My punishment is indeed the painful punishment.”

[Surah al-Hijr: 49, 50]

And His statement:

“Hā Mīm. The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Knowing—the Forgiver of sin, Accepter of repentance, severe in punishment, and Possessor of bounty. There is no deity except Him.”

[Surah Ghāfir: 13].

This is because, in the things He creates that contain evil (7) relative to some people,

(1) “Peace be upon him” is added in ʿ. (2) ʿ reads: “and so He is called.” (3) ʿ reads: “As in His statement: ‘Know that Allah is severe in punishment,’ and His statement: ‘Indeed, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.’” (4) The word “Surah” is absent from A, B, and ʿ. (5) N and M read: “and in al-Aʿrāf.” (6) The text between the asterisks is absent from A and B. (7) N and M read: “evil.”
قَالَ ن، م: قَالَ. فِي أُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ: {اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ - صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ} [سُورَةُ الْفَاتِحَةِ: ٦، ٧] فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ فَاعِلُ النِّعْمَةِ، وَحَذَفَ فَاعِلَ الْغَضَبِ، وَأَضَافَ الضَّلَالَ إِلَيْهِمْ. وَقَالَ الْخَلِيلُ [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] (١) {وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ} [سُورَةُ الشُّعَرَاءِ: ٨٠] ، وَلِهَذَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى، فَسَمَّى (٢) نَفْسَهُ بِالْأَسْمَاءِ الْحُسْنَى الْمُقْتَضِيَةِ لِلْخَيْرِ. وَإِنَّمَا يُذْكَرُ الشَّرُّ فِي الْمَفْعُولَاتِ، كَقَوْلِهِ: {اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ: ٩٨] (٣) ، وَقَوْلِهِ فِي آخِرِ سُورَةِ (٤) الْأَنْعَامِ: {إِنَّ رَبَّكَ سَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ: ١٦٥] (* وَقَوْلِهِ فِي الْأَعْرَافِ: (٥) {إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [سُورَةُ الْأَعْرَافِ: ١٦٧] . *) (٦) وَقَوْلِهِ: {نَبِّئْ عِبَادِي أَنِّي أَنَا الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ - وَأَنَّ عَذَابِي هُوَ الْعَذَابُ الْأَلِيمُ} [سُورَةُ الْحِجْرِ: ٤٩، ٥٠] وَقَوْلِهِ: {حم - تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ - غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ} [سُورَةُ غَافِرٍ: ١٣] . وَهَذَا لِأَنَّ مَا يَخْلُقُهُ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ الَّتِي فِيهَا شَرٌّ (٧) بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى بَعْضِ النَّاسِ
(١) عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (ع) . (٢) ع: فَيُسَمَّى. (٣) ع: كَقَوْلِهِ: اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ، وَقَوْلِهِ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ. (٤) سُورَةٌ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) ، (ع) . (٥) ن، م: وَفِي الْأَعْرَافِ. (٦) مَا بَيْنَ النَّجْمَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٧) ن، م: الشَّرُّ.

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