Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/136)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

That is, none of its good deeds will be diminished, nor will it (1) be punished for sins other than its own. This demonstrates that such a thing is an injustice above which Allah is exalted.

Allah Most High said:

“He will say, ‘Do not dispute in My presence, for I had already given you warning. My word cannot be changed, nor am I unjust to My servants.’”

[Surah Qāf: 28–29]

He declared Himself exalted only above something within His power, not something intrinsically impossible (2).

Many similar passages occur throughout the Quran, making it clear that Allah exacts justice from His servants and judges between them with justice; that judging between them unjustly would itself be an injustice above which (3) Allah is exalted; and that He does not lay upon anyone the sin of another.

Allah Most High also said:

(4)

“No bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.”

[Surah al-An‘ām: 164]

Allah is exalted above such a thing. Rather, every soul shall receive what it has earned, [and bear what it has committed] (5).

It is authentically established from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—that Allah [Most High] (6) says:

“O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself and made it forbidden among you, so do not wrong one another.” (7)

Thus, He has forbidden injustice for Himself, just as He has taken mercy upon Himself in His saying:

“Your Lord has taken mercy upon Himself.”

[Surah al-An‘ām: 54]

(1) A, B: “so it does not.” (2) N, M: “impossible.” (3) A, B: “is exalted above.” (4) “Allah Most High also said” is omitted from N and M. (5) “and bear what it has committed” is omitted from N only. (6) “Most High” is added in A and B. (7) This hadith will appear shortly; see my comments on it there, Allah willing.

أَيْ لَا تَنْقُصُ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهَا، وَلَا (١) تُعَاقَبُ بِغَيْرِ سَيِّئَاتِهَا، فَدَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ ظُلْمٌ يُنَزَّهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {قَالَ لَا تَخْتَصِمُوا لَدَيَّ وَقَدْ قَدَّمْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ بِالْوَعِيدِ - مَا يُبَدَّلُ الْقَوْلُ لَدَيَّ وَمَا أَنَا بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ} [سُورَةُ ق: ٢٨ - ٢٩] ، وَإِنَّمَا نَزَّهَ نَفْسَهُ عَنْ أَمْرٍ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ لَا عَنِ الْمُمْتَنِعِ (٢) لِنَفْسِهِ. وَمِثْلُ هَذَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعٍ مِمَّا يُبَيِّنُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْتَصِفُ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ، وَيَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْعَدْلِ، وَأَنَّ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ الْعَدْلِ ظُلْمٌ يُنَزَّهُ (٣) اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَحْمِلُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ ذَنْبَ غَيْرِهِ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: (٤) {وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ: ١٦٤] ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُنَزَّهُ اللَّهَ عَنْهُ، بَلْ لِكُلِّ نَفْسٍ مَا كَسَبَتْ، [وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ] (٥) . وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «أَنَّ اللَّهَ [تَعَالَى] (٦) يَقُولُ: (يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَى نَفْسِي، وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرَّمًا، فَلَا تَظَالَمُوا» .) (٧) ، فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الظُّلْمَ، كَمَا كَتَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ: ٥٤] .

(١) أ، ب: فَلَا. (٢) ن، م: مُمْتَنِعٍ. (٣) أ، ب: يَتَنَزَّهُ. (٤) وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٥) وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) فَقَطْ. (٦) تَعَالَى: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٧) سَيَرِدُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ بَعْدَ قَلِيلٍ، فَانْظُرْ كَلَامِي عَلَيْهِ هُنَاكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.