Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The transmitted reports condemning the Qadariyya apply to these people even more strongly than they do to those who deny the divine decree out of reverence for the divine command and a desire to declare Allah free of injustice. This is why the Qadariyya are paired (1) with the Murji’a: the Murji’a diminish the gravity of faith and the threat of punishment (2). Likewise, these Qadariyya diminish the gravity of Allah’s command enjoining faith and piety, and of His threat.

Whoever does this is accursed in every revealed law, as it has been related:

“The Qadariyya and the Murji’a were cursed by the tongues of seventy prophets.”

Those who discourse falsely about the divine decree (3) fall into three categories: those who deny it; those who reject commands and prohibitions [by invoking it] (4); and those who impugn the Lord, Mighty and Majestic, for combining the divine command with the divine decree. The last are the worst of the factions, and a disputation by Iblīs concerning this is recounted (5). Those who use the divine decree to reject the divine command (6) come next to them in wickedness, followed by those who deny the decree.

Whenever you see the Salaf’s stern treatment of those who deny the divine decree, it was only because those who rejected the divine command did not openly profess that position and were not numerous. Otherwise, they are worse than the deniers. Similarly, the Rāfida are worse in belief than the Kharijites, but the Kharijites are more audacious than they in taking up the sword and fighting. Because they openly professed their doctrine and fought the Muslims over it (7), reports came concerning them that did not come concerning those who (8) are of the ilk of the hypocrites, who say with their tongues what is not in their hearts.

(1) A and B read: “bring [them] near,” which is an error. (2) A and B read: “…with the Murji’a because of the diminished weight given to faith and the threat of punishment.” (3) Ayn and A read: “Those who engage in falsehood by invoking the divine decree.” (4) “By invoking it” is added in Ayn. (5) A and B read: “and he recounted.” (6) A and B read: “and those who reject—and, through it, the command”; N and M read: “Thus, those who use it to reject the command.” (7) “Over it” is absent from A and B. (8) A and B read: “concerning one who is”; M reads: “concerning others besides them.”
وَالْآثَارُ الْمَرْوِيَّةُ فِي ذَمِّ الْقَدَرِيَّةِ تَتَنَاوَلُ هَؤُلَاءِ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ تَنَاوُلِهَا الْمُنْكِرِينَ لِلْقَدَرِ تَعْظِيمًا لِلْأَمْرِ وَتَنْزِيهًا عَنِ الظُّلْمِ، وَلِهَذَا يَقْرِنُونَ (١) الْقَدَرِيَّةَ بِالْمُرْجِئَةِ لِأَنَّ الْمُرْجِئَةَ تُضْعِفُ أَمْرَ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْوَعِيدِ (٢) ، وَكَذَلِكَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَدَرِيَّةِ تُضْعِفُ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَالتَّقْوَى وَوَعِيدِهِ، وَمَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا كَانَ مَلْعُونًا فِي كُلِّ شَرِيعَةٍ كَمَا رُوِيَ: لُعِنَتِ الْقَدَرِيَّةُ وَالْمُرْجِئَةُ عَلَى لِسَانِ سَبْعِينَ نَبِيًّا. وَالْخَائِضُونَ فِي الْقَدَرِ بِالْبَاطِلِ (٣) ثَلَاثَةُ أَصْنَافٍ: الْمُكَذِّبُونَ بِهِ، وَالدَّافِعُونَ لِلْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ [بِهِ] (٤) ، وَالطَّاعِنُونَ عَلَى الرَّبِّ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِجَمْعِهِ بَيْنَ الْأَمْرِ وَالْقَدَرِ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ شَرُّ الطَّوَائِفِ وَيُحْكَى (٥) فِي ذَلِكَ مُنَاظَرَةٌ عَنْ إِبْلِيسَ وَالدَّافِعُونَ بِهِ لِلْأَمْرِ (٦) بَعْدَهُمْ فِي الشَّرِّ، وَالْمُكَذِّبُونَ بِهِ بَعْدَ هَؤُلَاءِ. وَأَنْتَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ تَغْلِيظَ السَّلَفِ عَلَى الْمُكَذِّبِينَ بِالْقَدَرِ فَإِنَّمَا ذَاكَ لِأَنَّ الدَّافِعِينَ لِلْأَمْرِ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَتَظَاهَرُونَ بِذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يَكُونُوا مَوْجُودِينَ كَثِيرِينَ، وَإِلَّا فَهُمْ شَرٌّ مِنْهُمْ، كَمَا أَنَّ الرَّوَافِضَ شَرٌّ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ فِي الِاعْتِقَادِ، وَلَكِنَّ الْخَوَارِجَ أَجْرَأُ عَلَى السَّيْفِ وَالْقِتَالِ مِنْهُمْ، فَلِإِظْهَارِ الْقَوْلِ وَمُقَاتَلَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَيْهِ (٧) جَاءَ فِيهِمْ مَا لَا يَجِيءُ فِيمَنْ هُمْ (٨) مِنْ جِنْسِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ.
(١) أ، ب: يُقَرِّبُونَ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (٢) أ، ب:. . . . . . . . بِالْمُرْجِئَةِ بِضَعْفِ أَمْرِ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْوَعِيدِ. (٣) ع، أ: وَالْخَائِضُونَ بِالْقَدَرِ فِي الْبَاطِلِ. (٤) بِهِ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (ع) . (٥) أ، ب: وَحَكَى. (٦) أ، ب: وَالدَّافِعُونَ وَلِلْأَمْرِ بِهِ ; ن، م: فَالدَّافِعُونَ بِهِ لِلْأَمْرِ. (٧) عَلَيْهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٨) أ، ب: فِيمَنْ هُوَ، م: فِي غَيْرِهِمْ.

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