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, and a jurist from Kufa who lived in the time of Abū Hanīfa, al-Thawrī, Sharīk, and Ibn Abī Laylā (1). He had studied jurisprudence and then devoted himself entirely to worship. Accounts of him and his life are well known among (2) scholars (3). That man said none of this falsehood. Rather, the one who said it was Dāwūd al-Jawāribī. It therefore seems that he—or his teachers—confused al-Jawāribī with al-Tāī (4), unless (5) the error lay in the copy that was brought [to me]. As for Dāwūd al-Jawāribī, I believe that he (6)
(1) The biographies of al-Thawrī (2), Sharīk, and Ibn Abī Laylā have appeared previously (2/471).
(2) (B) and (A) read: “from”; this is a textual corruption.
(3) Abū Sulaymān [Dāwūd] ibn Nusayr al-Tā’ī, the Kufan ascetic. Al-Dhahabī states in *al-Ibar* (1/238): “He was among those who excelled in jurisprudence and then withdrew. He narrated from Abd al-Malik ibn Umayr and a number of others, and was without peer in asceticism and righteousness.” Al-Dhahabī considered 162 AH the most likely year of his death, whereas most sources date it to 160 or 165 AH. See his biography in Ibn Saʿd, *al-Tabaqāt*, 6/367; *Tārīkh Baghdād*, 8/347–355; *Hilyat al-Awliyā*, 7/335–367; *Wafayāt al-Aʿyān*, 2/29–31; Ibn Hajar, *Taqrīb al-Tahdhīb* (Dār al-Kitāb al-Arabī ed.), p. 234; al-Shaʿrānī, *al-Tabaqāt al-Kubrā*, 1/65; and *al-Aʿlām*, 3/11.
(4) Mustajī Zādah commented on Ibn Taymiyya’s remarks concerning Dāwūd al-Tā’ī as follows: “I say: It has been related from him—that is, Dāwūd al-Tā’ī—that an unbeliever who exerted himself and strove to attain the truth but did not succeed, and who died in unbelief, is excused before Allah and may be pardoned. This position contravenes the consensus of *Ahl al-Sunna wa-l-Jamāʿa* (the people of the Sunnah and the community). Imam al-Ghazālī and Qādī al-Baydāwī inclined toward this view, the latter in his *tafsīr* and in his book entitled *al-Tawāliʿ*. One of the early Muʿtazilīs who held this view—the original reads simply ‘who’—was the judge of Basra known as al-Anbarī, although his students disagreed with him. Another position attributed to Dāwūd al-Tā’ī was that the Sacred Law has only two authoritative sources: the Book and the Sunnah. He denied that analogical reasoning and consensus constituted binding legal proofs, and this is (contrary to) the consensus of the four imams. Ibn Hazm al-Andalusī was among those who followed him in rejecting analogical reasoning and consensus. Abū Hayyān, the author of *al-Bahr* and *al-Nahr*, was likewise a Zāhirī and one of Dāwūd’s followers.” It is evident from this statement that Mustajī Zādah confuses Dāwūd al-Tā’ī with Dāwūd al-Zāhirī.
(5) (N) and (M) read: “or if it was not…”
(6) (A) reads: “in the copy that was brought to Dāwūd al-Hawārī, and I believe that he…,” etc.; (B): “in the copy that was brought to Dāwūd al-Jawāhirī, and I believe that he…,” etc.; (N): “in the copy that was brought to Dāwūd al-Hawārī, and I believe that he…”; (M): “in the copy that was brought to Dāwūd al-Jawāribī, and I believe that he…”
فَقِيهًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ، فِي زَمَنِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَالثَّوْرِيِّ وَشَرِيكٍ وَابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى
(١)
وَكَانَ قَدْ تَفَقَّهَ ثُمَّ انْقَطَعَ لِلْعِبَادَةِ، وَأَخْبَارُهُ وَسِيرَتُهُ مَشْهُورَةٌ عِنْدَ
(٢)
الْعُلَمَاءِ
(٣)
، وَلَمْ يَقُلِ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذَا الْبَاطِلِ، وَإِنَّمَا الْقَائِلُ لِذَلِكَ دَاوُدُ الْجَوَارِبِيُّ، فَكَأَنَّهُ اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ عَلَى شُيُوخِهِ الْجَوَارِبِيُّ بِالطَّائِيِّ
(٤)
، إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ
(٥)
الْغَلَطُ فِي النُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي أُحْضِرَتْ
[إِلَيَّ]
، وَدَاوُدُ الْجَوَارِبِيُّ أَظُنُّهُ
(٦)
(١) سَبَقَتْ تَرْجَمَةُ الثَّوْرِيِّ (٢) وَشَرِيكِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى (٢/٤٧١) . .
(٢) ب، أ: عَنْ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ.
(٣) أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ بْنُ نُصَيْرٍ الطَّائِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ الزَّاهِدُ. قَالَ الذَّهَبِيُّ (الْعِبَرَ ١/٢٣٨) " كَانَ أَحَدَ مَنْ بَرَعَ فِي الْفِقْهِ ثُمَّ اعْتَزَلَ. رَوَى عَنْ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ وَجَمَاعَةٍ، وَكَانَ عَدِيمَ النَّظِيرِ زُهْدًا وَصَلَاحًا ". وَرَجَّحَ الذَّهَبِيُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ وَفَاتُهُ سَنَةَ ١٦٢ وَأَغْلَبُ الْمَرَاجِعِ تَجْعَلُهَا ١٦٠ أَوْ ١٦٥. وَانْظُرْ تَرْجَمَتَهُ فِي: طَبَقَاتِ ابْنِ سَعْدٍ ٦/٣٦٧ ; تَارِيخِ بَغْدَادَ ٨/٣٤٧ - ٣٥٥ ; حِلْيَةِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ ٧/٣٣٥ - ٣٦٧ ; وَفَيَاتِ الْأَعْيَانِ ٢/٢٩ - ٣١ ; تَقْرِيبِ التَّهْذِيبِ لِابْنِ حَجَرٍ (ط. دَارِ الْكِتَابِ الْعَرَبِيِّ) ص ٢٣٤، الطَّبَقَاتِ الْكُبْرَى لِلشَّعْرَانِيِّ ١/٦٥ ; الْأَعْلَامِ ٣/١١.
(٤) عَلَّقَ مُسْتَجِي زَادَهْ عَلَى كَلَامِ ابْنِ تَيْمِيَّةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الطَّائِيِّ بِقَوْلِهِ: " قُلْتُ: نُقِلَ عَنْهُ - يَعْنِي دَاوُدَ الطَّائِيِّ - أَنَّ الْكَافِرَ الَّذِي اجْتَهَدَ وَسَعَى فِي الْوُصُولِ إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَلَمْ يَتَيَسَّرْ لَهُ وَمَاتَ عَلَى الْكُفْرِ فَهُوَ مَعْذُورٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يُرْجَى لَهُ الْعَفْوُ، وَهُوَ خَارِقٌ لِإِجْمَاعِ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ وَالْجَمَاعَةِ وَقَدْ مَالَ إِلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ الْإِمَامُ الْغَزَالِيُّ وَالْقَاضِي بَيْضَاوِيٌّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ وَفِي كِتَابِهِ الْمَوْسُومِ بِالطَّوَالِعِ، وَمِمَّنْ (فِي الْأَصْلِ: مَنْ) ذَهَبَ إِلَى هَذَا مِنْ قُدَمَاءِ الْمُعْتَزِلَةِ قَاضِي بَصْرَةَ الْمُسَمَّى بِالْعَنْبَرِيِّ مَعَ مُخَالَفَةِ تَلَامِذَتِهِ لَهُ. وَمِمَّا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ دَاوُدُ الطَّائِيُّ أَنَّ دَلِيلَ الشَّرْعِ اثْنَانِ فَقَطِ: الْكِتَابُ وَالسُّنَّةُ، وَكَانَ يُنْكِرُ الْقِيَاسَ وَالْإِجْمَاعَ أَنْ يَكُونَا حُجَّةً شَرْعِيَّةً وَهُوَ (مُخَالِفٌ) لِإِجْمَاعِ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ، وَابْنُ حَزْمٍ الْأَنْدَلُسِيِّ مِمَّنْ تَبِعَهُ فِي إِنْكَارِ الْقِيَاسِ وَالْإِجْمَاعِ. وَأَبُو حَيَّانَ صَاحِبُ " الْبَحْرِ " وَ " النَّهْرِ " مِنَ الظَّاهِرِيَّةِ أَيْضًا مِنْ شِيعَةِ دَاوُدَ ". وَظَاهِرٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ أَنْ مُسْتَجِي زَادَهْ يَخْلِطُ بَيْنَ دَاوُدَ الطَّائِيِّ وَدَاوُدَ الظَّاهِرِيِّ.
(٥) ن، م: أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنِ. .
(٦) أ: فِي النُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي أُحْضِرَتْ إِلَى دَاوُدَ الْحِوَارِيِّ وَأَظُنُّهُ. . . إِلَخْ ; ب: فِي النُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي أُحْضِرَتْ إِلَى دَاوُدَ الْجَوَاهِرِيِّ وَأَظُنُّهُ. . إِلَخْ ; ن: فِي النُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي أُحْضِرَتْ إِلَى دَاوُدَ الْحِوَارِيِّ وَأَظُنُّهُ. . ; م: فِي النُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي أُحْضِرَتْ إِلَى دَاوُدَ الْجَوَارِبِيِّ وَأَظُنُّهُ. . .