(1) (ن) and (م): “… Dāwūd.” He was Abū Abd Allāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ād ibn Jarīr ibn Mālik al-Iyādī, the judge. Born in 160 AH, he was brought by his father while still young from their hometown of Qinnasrīn to Damascus, where he pursued knowledge. He associated with Hayyāj ibn al-Alā' al-Sulamī, one of Wāsil ibn Atā's disciples, and consequently adopted the doctrine of the Mu'tazilah. He became associated with al-Ma'mūn, al-Mu'tasim, and al-Wāthiq and enjoyed their favor. It was he who induced them to subject people to the inquisition concerning the createdness of the Quran. Ibn Abī Du'ād died paralyzed in Baghdad in 240 AH. See his biography in *Wafayāt al-A'yān*, 1:63–75; *Tārīkh Baghdād*, 4:141–56; *Lisān al-Mīzān*, 1:171; Ibn al-Murtadā, *al-Munya wa al-Amal*, pp. [0–9] 8–36; and *al-A'lām*, 1:120. (2) (ن) and (م): “that if you do not have him flogged, [the prestige of the caliphate] will be shattered.” (3) See the account of Imam Ahmad's encounter with al-Mu'tasim in Ibn al-Jawzī's *Manāqib al-Imām Ahmad ibn Hanbal*, chapter 69, pp. 397–420. It states (pp. 405–6) that al-Mu'tasim began to relent in Ahmad's case, whereupon Ibn Abī Du'ād told him: “If you release him, people will say that you have abandoned al-Ma'mūn's doctrine and rejected his position.” This incited him to have Ahmad flogged. (4) “Of the attributes” is added in (م). (ن) reads: “those who affirm and the attributes,” which is a corruption. (5) (ب) and (أ): *wa-sannafat* (“and [a feminine subject] authored”). (6) (ع): “and Ahmad—may Allah be pleased with him.” (7) The word *Ahl* (“People”) is omitted from (ع) and (م).