Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/116)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Allah, not disobedience to Him. This makes clear that the imams whom he commanded people to obey in obedience to Allah are not infallible.

Thus, in (1) Sahīh Muslim, Awf ibn Mālik al-Ashjaī said: I heard the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—say:

“The best of your leaders are those whom you love and who love you, for whom you pray and who pray for you. The worst of your leaders are those whom you hate and who hate you, whom you curse and who curse you.”

He said: We asked, “O Messenger of Allah, should we not openly oppose them when that happens?” He replied:

“No, so long as they establish prayer among you. Take heed: whoever has a governor appointed over him and sees him commit some act of disobedience to Allah must detest the disobedience to Allah that he commits, but must never withdraw from obedience.” (2)

In [Sahīh] (3) Muslim, it is narrated from Umm Salama that the Prophet (4)—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:

“There will be rulers whose deeds you will recognize and condemn. Whoever recognizes the wrongdoing will be free of blame, and whoever condemns it will be safe. The blame, however, lies upon whoever approves and follows.”

They asked, “[O Messenger of Allah] (5), should we not fight them?”

He replied, “No, so long as they pray.” (6)

(1) A and B read: “and in.” (2) The hadith narrated by Awf ibn Mālik al-Ashjaī—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in Muslim, 3/1481–1482 (Book of Leadership, chapter on the best and worst rulers); Sunan al-Dārimī, 2/324 (Book of Heart-Softening Narrations, chapter on obedience and adhering to the community); and al-Musnad (al-Halabī ed.), 6/24. Part of another hadith with the same meaning, narrated by Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 3/360 (Book of Tribulations, chapter beginning, “Mūsā ibn Abd al-Rahmān al-Kindī narrated to us”). Al-Tirmidhī said: “This is a gharīb hadith. We know it only through Muhammad ibn Abī Humayd, and Muhammad is considered weak on account of his memory.” (3) “Sahīh” is added in A and B. (4) A and B read: “that the Messenger of Allah.” (5) “O Messenger of Allah” is omitted from N and M. (6) The hadith narrated by Umm Salama—may Allah be pleased with her—is found in Muslim, 3/1480–1481 (Book of the Obligation to Condemn Rulers When They Contravene Sacred Law); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 4/333–334 (Book of the Sunnah, chapter on killing the Khārijites); Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 3/361 (Book of Tribulations, a chapter on the same subject); and al-Musnad (al-Halabī ed.), 6/295, 302, 305, 321.

اللَّهِ دُونَ مَعْصِيَتِهِ، وَهَذَا يُبَيِّنُ أَنَّ الْأَئِمَّةَ الَّذِينَ أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ لَيْسُوا مَعْصُومِينَ. فَفِي (١) صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَقُولُ: ( «خِيَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ، وَيُحِبُّونَكُمْ، وَتُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَيُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَشَرَارُ أَئِمَّتكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُبْغِضُونَهُمْ، وَيُبْغِضُونَكُمْ، وَتَلْعَنُونَهُمْ، وَيَلْعَنُوكُمْ.) قَالَ: قُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَفَلَا نُنَابِذُهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: (لَا مَا أَقَامُوا فِيكُمُ الصَّلَاةَ أَلَا مَنْ وَلِيَ عَلَيْهِ وَالٍ، فَرَآهُ يَأْتِي شَيْئًا مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، فَلْيَكْرَهْ مَا يَأْتِي مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، وَلَا يَنْزِعَنَّ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَةٍ» .) (٢) . وَفِي [صَحِيحِ] (٣) مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ. (٤) - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ: ( «سَتَكُونُ أُمَرَاءُ، فَتَعْرِفُونَ، وَتُنْكِرُونَ، فَمَنْ عَرَفَ بَرِئَ، وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ سَلِمَ، وَلَكِنَّ مَنْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ.) قَالُوا: [يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ] (٥) أَفَلَا نُقَاتِلُهُمْ؟ قَالَ: (لَا مَا صَلَّوْا» .) (٦) .

(١) أ، ب: وَفِي. (٢) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٤٨١، ١٤٨٢ (كِتَابُ الْإِمَارَةِ، بَابُ خِيَارِ الْأَئِمَّةِ وَشِرَارِهِمْ) ؛ سُنَنَ الدَّارِمِيِّ ٢/٣٢٤ (كِتَابُ الرِّقَاقِ، بَابٌ فِي الطَّاعَةِ وَلُزُومِ الْجَمَاعَةِ) ؛ الْمُسْنَدَ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٦/٢٤. وَجَاءَ جُزْءٌ مِنْ حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ بِمَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٣/٣٦٠ (كِتَابُ الْفِتَنِ، بَابُ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْكِنْدِيُّ) وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ وَمُحَمَّدٌ يُضَعَّفُ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ. (٣) صَحِيحِ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٤) أ، ب: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. (٥) يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٦) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٤٨٠ - ١٤٨١ (كِتَابُ وُجُوبِ الْإِنْكَارِ. عَلَى الْأُمَرَاءِ فِيمَا يُخَالِفُ الشَّرْعَ.) ؛ سُنَنَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٤/٣٣٣ - ٣٣٤ (كِتَابُ السُّنَّةِ، بَابٌ فِي قَتْلِ الْخَوَارِجِ) ؛ سُنَنَ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٣/٣٦١ (كِتَابُ الْفِتَنِ، بَابٌ مِنْهُ) ؛ الْمُسْنَدَ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٦/٢٩٥، ٣٠٢، ٣٠٥، ٣٢١.