Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/112)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

then it contains no proof for this proponent (1), for the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—[indeed] (2) said: “Whoever (3) dies a death of pre-Islamic ignorance.”

(* He used this expression regarding matters that are not (4) among the pillars of faith whose abandonment renders a person an unbeliever. Thus, it is related in Sahīh Muslim from Jundab ibn Abdullah al-Bajalī—may Allah be pleased with him—who said that the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:

“Whoever is killed beneath a banner raised for a blind cause, calling to partisanship or supporting partisanship, his death is a death of pre-Islamic ignorance.” *) (5). (6)

This hadith encompasses anyone who fights out of partisanship, and the Rāfidah are foremost among such people. Yet a Muslim does not become an unbeliever by fighting out of partisanship, as established by the Quran and the sunnah. How, then, could he become an unbeliever for something less than (7) that?

It is also related in Sahīh Muslim from Abū Hurayrah [may Allah be pleased with him] (8), who said that the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “Whoever withdraws from obedience, separates from the community, and then dies,

(1) N and M read: “the transmitter.” (2) A and B add: “indeed.” (3) “Whoever” is omitted from A and B. (4) N and M read: “and are not.” (5) The passage between the asterisks is omitted from B alone. (6) The hadith is found in Muslim, 3/1478 (*Book of Governance*, chapter “The Obligation to Adhere to the Community …”). Its wording there is: “then his death is a death of pre-Islamic ignorance.” Regarding *rāya ummiyya* (“a banner raised for a blind cause”), al-Nawawī states (*Commentary on Sahīh Muslim*, 12/238): “It has two well-known pronunciations, *ummiyya* and *immiyya*. The m bears an i-vowel and is doubled, and the y is also doubled. Scholars explain it as a blind matter whose true nature is not discernible. This is the explanation given by Ahmad ibn Hanbal and the majority. Ishāq ibn Rāhawayh said: ‘It is like people fighting out of *asabiyya* (partisanship).’” (7) M reads: *bi-man huwa dūna* (“for one who is below”); A: *bi-man* (“for one who”); B: *bi-mā dūna* (“for what is below”). (8) A and B add: “may Allah Most High be pleased with him.”

فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ حُجَّةٌ لِهَذَا الْقَائِلِ (١) ، فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - [قَدْ] (٢) قَالَ: ( «مَنْ (٣) مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً» .) (* فِي أُمُورٍ لَيْسَتْ (٤) مِنْ أَرْكَانِ الْإِيمَانِ الَّتِي مَنْ تَرَكَهَا كَانَ كَافِرًا. كَمَا فِي صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ جُنْدَبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَجَلِيِّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: ( «مَنْ قُتِلَ تَحْتَ رَايَةٍ عِمِّيَّةٍ يَدْعُو عَصَبِيَّةً، أَوْ يَنْصُرُ عَصَبِيَّةً، فَقِتْلَتُهُ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ» *) (٥) . (٦) ، وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يَتَنَاوَلُ مَنْ قَاتَلَ فِي الْعَصَبِيَّةِ، وَالرَّافِضَةُ رُءُوسُ هَؤُلَاءِ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يَكْفُرُ الْمُسْلِمُ بِالِاقْتِتَالِ فِي الْعَصَبِيَّةِ، كَمَا دَلَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ وَالسُّنَّةُ، فَكَيْفَ يَكْفُرُ بِمَا هُوَ دُونَ (٧) ذَلِكَ. وَفِي صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ [رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ] (٨) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: ( «مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ، وَفَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ، ثُمَّ مَاتَ،.

(١) ن، م: النَّاقِلِ. (٢) قَدْ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٣) مَنْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٤) ن، م: وَلَيْسَتْ. (٥) مَا بَيْنَ النَّجْمَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ب) فَقَطْ. (٦) الْحَدِيثُ فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٤٧٨ (كِتَابُ الْإِمَارَةِ، بَابُ وُجُوبِ مُلَازَمَةِ جَمَاعَةِ. . .) وَفِيهِ: فَقِتْلَةٌ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ. وَرَايَةٌ عِمِّيَّةٌ: قَالَ النَّوَوِيُّ (شَرْحَ صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ ١٢/٢٣٨) : هِيَ بِضَمِّ الْعَيْنِ وَكَسْرِهَا لُغَتَانِ مَشْهُورَتَانِ. وَالْمِيمُ مَكْسُورَةٌ وَمُشَدَّدَةٌ وَالْيَاءُ مُشَدَّدَةٌ أَيْضًا. قَالُوا: هِيَ الْأَمْرُ الْأَعْمَى لَا يَسْتَبِينُ وَجْهُهُ، كَذَا قَالَهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَالْجُمْهُورُ. قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاهَوَيْهِ: هَذَا كَتَقَاتُلِ الْقَوْمِ لِلْعَصَبِيَّةِ. (٧) م: بِمَنْ هُوَ دُونَ؛ أ: بِمَنْ؛ ب: بِمَا دُونَ. (٨) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) .