Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (2/529)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and descends on the afternoon of the Day of Arafah, riding a dusky-gray camel (1), embracing those on foot and shaking hands with those riding (2).”

Some of them said, “He feels regret, weeps, and grieves.” It is also related from some of them that He is flesh and blood, along with other such claims that describe the Creator—glorious is His majesty—with characteristics exclusive to created beings.

Allah, exalted is He, is far above being described by any quality exclusive to created beings. Every quality exclusive to created beings is an imperfection, while Allah Most High is exalted above every imperfection and is worthy of the utmost (3) perfection. He has no equal in any attribute of perfection. Thus, He is absolutely exalted above all imperfection and, in His perfection, above having any equal.

As Allah Most High says:

“Say: He is Allah, the One; Allah, the Self-Sufficient. He neither begets nor is born, and none is comparable to Him.”

[Surah al-Ikhlās: 1–4]

He thus made clear that He is One and Self-Sufficient. His name, the One, entails the negation of any equal, while His name, the Self-Sufficient, encompasses all the attributes of

(1) (ع) reads: “on a dusky-gray donkey.” (2) This hadith is reported in the following wording: “I saw my Lord at Mina on the Day of Departure, mounted on a dusky-gray camel, wearing a woolen robe before the people.” See Muhammad Tāhir ibn Ali al-Hindī al-Fattanī, *Tadhkirat al-Mawduʿāt* (al-Munīriyya ed., 1343), pp. 12–13; *Mauduʿāt al-Qārī* (Istanbul ed.), p. 44; and Ismāʿīl ibn Muhammad al-Ajlūnī, *Kashf al-Khafā’* (al-Qudsī ed., 1351), p. 436. All three works agree that this hadith is fabricated and baseless. Al-Suyūtī also relates another hadith (*al-La’āli’ al-Masnūʿa* 1:27, al-Husayniyya ed., 1352): “When the afternoon of Arafah comes, Allah descends to the lowest heaven and looks upon those assembled at the standing place…” He relates a third hadith (1:28): “I saw my Lord on the Day of Arafah at Arafat, mounted on a red camel, wearing two waist-wraps and saying…” Al-Suyūtī quotes statements from the imams indicating that both hadiths are fabricated. See also al-Shawkānī, *al-Fawā’id al-Majmūʿa*, p. 447; and Ibn Irāq, *Tanzīh al-Sharīʿa*, 1:138–139. (3) (B) alone reads: “the utmost degrees [of perfection].”

وَيَنْزِلُ عَشِيَّةَ عَرَفَةَ رَاكِبًا عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَوْرَقَ (١) يُعَانِقُ الْمُشَاةَ وَيُصَافِحُ الرُّكْبَانَ (٢) ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّهُ يَنْدَمُ وَيَبْكِي وَيَحْزَنُ، وَعَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ أَنَّهُ لَحْمٌ وَدَمٌ، وَنَحْوُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمَقَالَاتِ الَّتِي تَتَضَمَّنُ وَصْفَ الْخَالِقِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ بِخَصَائِصِ الْمَخْلُوقِينَ. وَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ مُنَزَّهٌ عَنْ أَنْ يُوصَفَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الصِّفَاتِ الْمُخْتَصَّةِ بِالْمَخْلُوقِينَ، وَكُلُّ مَا اخْتَصَّ بِالْمَخْلُوقِ فَهُوَ صِفَةُ نَقْصٍ، وَاللَّهُ تَعَالَى مُنَزَّهٌ عَنْ كُلِّ نَقْصٍ وَمُسْتَحِقٌّ لِغَايَةِ (٣) الْكَمَالِ، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِثْلٌ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ صِفَاتِ الْكَمَالِ، فَهُوَ مُنَزَّهٌ عَنِ النَّقْصِ مُطْلَقًا، وَمُنَزِّهٌ فِي الْكَمَالِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ مِثْلٌ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ - اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ - لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ - وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ} [سُورَةُ الْإِخْلَاصِ: ١ - ٤] ، فَبَيَّنَ أَنَّهُ أَحَدٌ صَمَدٌ، وَاسْمُهُ الْأَحَدُ يَتَضَمَّنُ نَفْيَ الْمِثْلِ، وَاسْمُهُ الصَّمَدُ يَتَضَمَّنُ جَمِيعَ صِفَاتِ

(١) ع: عَلَى حِمَارٍ أَوْرَقَ. (٢) وَرَدَ الْحَدِيثُ بِهَذَا النَّصِّ: " رَأَيْتُ رَبِّي بِمِنًى يَوْمَ النَّفْرِ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَوْرَقَ عَلَيْهِ جُبَّةٌ صُوفٌ أَمَامَ النَّاسِ " فِي " تَذْكِرَةِ الْمَوْضُوعَاتِ " لِمُحَمَّد طَاهِرِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهِنْدِيِّ الْفَتَّنِيِّ (ط. الْمُنِيرِيَّةِ، ١٣٤٣) ، ص [٠ - ٩] ٢ - ١٣، وَفِي " مَوْضُوعَاتِ الْقَارِي " (ط. اسْتَانْبُولَ) ، ص ٤٤ ; وَفِي " كَشْفِ الْخَفَاءِ " لِإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ الْعَجَلُونِيِّ (ط. الْقُدْسِيِّ، ١٣٥١) ، ص ٤٣٦. وَاتَّفَقَتِ الْكُتُبُ الثَّلَاثُ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ مَوْضُوعٌ لَا أَصْلَ لَهُ. وَرَوَى السُّيُوطِيُّ حَدِيثًا آخَرَ (اللَّآلِئِ الْمَصْنُوعَةِ ١/٢٧، ط. الْحُسَيْنِيَّةِ، ١٣٥٢) نَصُّهُ: " إِذَا كَانَ عَشِيَّةَ عَرَفَةَ هَبَطَ اللَّهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَطَّلِعُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوْقِفِ. . إِلَخْ. وَحَدِيثًا ثَالِثًا (١/٢٨) : رَأَيْتُ رَبِّي يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارَانِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ. . إِلَخْ. وَنَقَلَ السُّيُوطِيُّ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى وَضْعِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ. وَانْظُرِ: الْفَوَائِدَ الْمَجْمُوعَةَ لِلشَّوْكَانِيِّ، ص [٠ - ٩] ٤٧ ; تَنْزِيهَ الشَّرِيعَةِ لِابْنِ عِرَاقٍ ١/١٣٨ - ١٣٩. (٣) ب (فَقَطْ) : لِغَايَاتِ.