Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (2/449)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

[Surah al-Baqarah: 165]

The two Sahih collections relate:

“Ibn Masūd, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

I asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, which sin is gravest?’

He replied, ‘To set up a rival to Allah, though He created you.’

I asked, ‘Then which?’

He replied, ‘Then to kill your child for fear that he will share your food.’

I asked, ‘Then which?’

He replied, ‘Then to commit adultery with your neighbor’s wife.’

Allah then revealed in confirmation of this:

‘Those who invoke no other god alongside Allah, who do not take a life that Allah has made sacred except with legal right, and who do not commit illicit sexual intercourse.’”

[Surah al-Furqān: 68]

(1)
87. .

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, instructed people to worship in mosques, spoke of the excellence of congregational prayer, and encouraged it. Yet he never once instructed anyone to seek out a place because of a prophet or righteous person. Rather, he prohibited taking such places as mosques. Thus, they may not be deliberately sought out for prayer and supplication. All of this serves to uphold monotheism and devote worship sincerely to Allah. For it is related:

“Some people said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, is our Lord near, so that we should speak to Him softly, or far away, so that we should call out to Him?’ Allah Most High then revealed:

‘When My servants ask you about Me, I am indeed near. I answer the prayer of the supplicant when he calls upon Me. So let them respond to Me and believe in Me, that they may be rightly guided.’”

[Surah al-Baqarah: 168]

(2)
. .

(1) The hadith is narrated from Abd Allah ibn Masūd, may Allah be pleased with him, in versions with similar wording: al-Bukhārī, 6/18 (Tafsīr of Surah al-Baqarah, chapter “So Do Not Set Up Rivals to Allah”), 8/8 (Book of Manners, chapter “Killing One’s Child for Fear That He Will Share His Food”), 8/164 (Book of Legal Punishments, chapter “The Sin of Adulterers”), and 9/152 (Book of Tawhīd, chapter on Allah Most High’s words, “So Do Not Set Up Rivals to Allah”); Muslim, 1/90–91 (Book of Faith, chapter “Shirk Is the Vilest of Sins”); Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 5/17–18 (Book of Tafsīr, Tafsīr of Surah al-Furqān); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 2/394 (Book of Divorce, chapter “The Gravity of Adultery”); Sunan al-Nasā’ī, 7/82–83 (Book of Prohibitions, chapter “The Gravest Sin”); and al-Musnad (al-Ma‘ārif ed.), 5/217 and 6/86–87. (2) Ibn Jarīr al-Tabarī cited this hadith in two versions in his Tafsīr. Shaykh Ahmad Shākir, may Allah have mercy on him, judged one utterly unsound and the other weak. See Tafsīr al-Tabarī (al-Ma‘ārif ed.), 3/480–481; see also the annotations.

[سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٦٥] ، وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ «عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ؟ قَالَ: " أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ " ، قُلْتُ: ثُمَّ أَيُّ؟ قَالَ: " ثُمَّ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ " . قُلْتُ: ثُمَّ أَيُّ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ ". فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ: {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ} » [سُورَةُ الْفُرْقَانِ: ٦٨] (١) ٨٧. . وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَدْ أَمَرَ بِالْعِبَادَةِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ وَذَكَرَ فَضْلَ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الْجَمَاعَةِ وَرَغَّبَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْ قَطُّ بِقَصْدِ مَكَانٍ لِأَجْلِ نَبِيٍّ وَلَا صَالِحٍ، بَلْ نَهَى عَنِ اتِّخَاذِهَا مَسَاجِدَ، فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تُقْصَدَ لِلصَّلَاةِ فِيهَا وَالدُّعَاءِ وَهَذَا كُلُّهُ لِتَحْقِيقِ التَّوْحِيدِ وَإِخْلَاصِ الدِّينِ لِلَّهِ، فَقَدْ «قَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَبُّنَا قَرِيبٌ فَنُنَاجِيهِ أَوْ بَعِيدٌ فَنُنَادِيهِ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ} » [سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٦٨] (٢) . .

(١) الْحَدِيثُ - بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُتَقَارِبَةٍ - عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٦/١٨ (تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ، بَابٌ: فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ أَنْدَادًا) ، ٨/٨ (كِتَابُ الْأَدَبِ، بَابُ قَتْلِ الْوَلَدِ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَهُ) ، ٨/١٦٤ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ، بَابُ إِثْمِ الزُّنَاةِ) ، ٩/١٥٢ (كِتَابُ التَّوْحِيدِ، بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ أَنْدَادًا) ; مُسْلِمٍ ١/٩٠ - ٩١ (كِتَابُ الْإِيمَانِ، بَابُ كَوْنِ الشِّرْكِ أَقْبَحَ الذُّنُوبِ) ; سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/١٧ - ١٨ (كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ، تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْفُرْقَانِ) ; سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٢/٣٩٤ (كِتَابُ الطَّلَاقِ، بَابٌ فِي تَعْظِيمِ الزِّنَا) ; سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٧/٨٢ - ٨٣ (كِتَابُ التَّحْرِيمِ، بَابُ ذِكْرِ أَعْظَمِ الذَّنْبِ) ; الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٥/٢١٧، ٦، ٨٦ - (٢) أَوْرَدَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِرِوَايَتَيْنِ، نَعَتَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَد شَاكِر رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالِانْهِيَارِ وَالْأُخْرَى بِالضَّعْفِ. انْظُرْ تَفْسِيرَ الطَّبَرِيِّ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٣/٤٨٠ - ٤٨١ (وَانْظُرِ التَّعْلِيقَاتِ)