Then Allah revealed: “Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity; it will have whatever (good) it has earned, and it will bear whatever (evil) it has wrought” (Q 2:286). Whatever lies outside a person’s ability, Allah does not charge him with, nor does He censure him for it—such as the intrusive thoughts that suddenly assail the heart. So long as one does not incline toward them, believe them, or give them any regard, they cause no harm, for they are beyond one’s capacity. Allah, Exalted is He, says: “Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity” (Q 2:286).
Satan may whisper to a person about dreadful, horrific matters; yet if the person turns away, seeks refuge with Allah from Satan and from those thoughts, they disappear. Concerning the plea, “Our Lord, do not take us to task if we forget or fall into error,” Allah replied, “Yes,” meaning: “I will not hold you accountable for what you forget or do by mistake.” Likewise, when they said, “Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden as You laid upon those before us,” He said, “Yes.” Accordingly, Allah describes His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ, saying, “He relieves them of their burden and the fetters that were upon them” (Q 7:157).
When they supplicated, “Our Lord, and do not burden us with that which we have no strength to bear,” Allah said, “Yes.” Hence, in His law Allah never obliges a servant to perform what he cannot manage. If a person is unable to fulfill an obligation, he moves to its substitute when one exists; if no substitute exists, the duty is lifted. To impose what cannot be borne is precisely what Allah denies here when He says “Yes,” that is, “I will not burden you with that which you cannot bear.”
The verse continues: “And pardon us, forgive us, and have mercy on us. You are our Protector, so grant us victory over the disbelieving people” (Q 2:286), and Allah said, “Yes.”
“Pardon us, forgive us” comprises three expressions, each with its own meaning. “Pardon us” refers to our shortcomings in carrying out what is obligatory; “forgive us” refers to our violations