—“with regard to minor lapses,” that is, small faults. In saying this, ʿAlī—may Allah be pleased with him—was in effect affirming the correctness of what ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās had said.
I say, therefore, that part of the creed of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah is to keep silent about the disputes that arose among the Companions. We do not speak about them; with both our hearts and our tongues we turn away from what transpired between them. We maintain that all of them were mujtahids: the one who reached the right conclusion receives two rewards, and the one who erred receives one. “That was a nation that has passed away; it will have what it earned, and you will have what you earn, and you will not be questioned about what they used to do.” If anyone were to read the historical accounts of these matters, he would find truly astonishing things: some partisans champion the Umayyad house and disparage ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib and the Prophet’s family, while others go to extremes in favour of ʿAlī and the Prophet’s family and heap severe criticism upon the Umayyads—because history is hostage to politics.
For that reason we, when dealing with history, must not rush to judgment. Historical writing can contain falsehood, personal bias, and distortion of the facts; events that never happened may be publicised, and things that did happen may be suppressed—all in the service of politics. In any case, we are duty-bound to refrain from delving into what occurred between the Companions, as is the position of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah, so that no rancour takes root in our hearts toward any of them. We love them all, and we ask Allah to cause us to die while loving them. We love them all and we say: “Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and place no resentment in our hearts toward those who believe. Our Lord, You are Ever-Kind, Ever-Merciful.”
The Prophet ﷺ—the truthful, the one who is believed—said, “Whoever among you lives long will witness much disagreement,” and that is exactly what has come to pass. But does this statement apply