knows best: namely, that the five daily prayers erase whatever lies between them—except the major sins, for they are not erased; the same applies to Friday until the next Friday and to Ramadan until the next Ramadan. Major sins demand a specific repentance; if a person does not repent from them expressly, righteous deeds do not expiate them—rather, a distinct repentance is indispensable.
As for the second ḥadith narrated by Abū Hurayrah, the Prophet ﷺ presented a question to his Companions even though he already knew how they would respond. This was part of his refined teaching method: he would sometimes introduce an issue in question-form so that people would pay close attention to what he was about to convey. He said, “Shall I guide you to what Allah uses to wipe away sins and raise ranks?” He was, in effect, asking whether they wished him to inform them, and it was obvious they would answer, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah, tell us.” Yet he deliberately chose this style to draw their full attention to what was coming. They replied, “Indeed, O Messenger of Allah,”—meaning, tell us, for we long to know that which elevates ranks and erases sins. He said, “Perfecting wuḍūʾ (ritual ablution) despite hardship, taking many footsteps to the mosques, and waiting for one prayer after another.” These are three matters:
First: perfecting wuḍūʾ despite hardship—that is, completing the ablution on cold winter days when the water is chilly. To perfect the ablution means to perform it thoroughly, and that entails discomfort for the self. When someone perfects his wuḍūʾ despite that hardship, it indicates the fullness of his faith; as a result, Allah raises the servant’s ranks and removes his sins.
Second: taking many footsteps to the mosques—that a person intentionally heads to the mosques for the five prescribed prayers, even if the mosque is far from his house. The farther the mosque, the greater the reward. When a person performs wuḍūʾ in his home, perfects it, and then leaves solely for the sake of the prayer, he does not take a single step without Allah elevating him one degree and erasing