Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (1/406)

Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-ṢāliḥīnIbn al-'Uthaymin

doing so secretly without her father’s knowledge until she is married by means of a valid contract; any contract her father concludes for her while he is an apostate disbeliever is null—even if he were to repeat it a thousand times, it would still amount to nothing.

Fourthly: If, during the marriage, the husband abandons the prayer, the marriage bond is automatically dissolved. For example, a man marries a woman while both of them are observant of the prayer, then he stops praying. In that case it is mandatory to separate him from his wife until he resumes the prayer. If they are separated and she completes her ʿiddah (waiting period), he can no longer return to her. Before the waiting period ends, however, if he embraces Islam once more and resumes the prayer, she remains his wife. Should the waiting period expire, she is completely severed from him, and—according to the majority of scholars—she does not become lawful for him again unless a new contract is executed. Others maintain that once the waiting period ends she gains full authority over herself, yet if she chooses to return to him after he accepts Islam there is no harm in their resuming the marriage without a new contract. This latter opinion is the stronger one, supported by the Sunnah. The waiting period therefore serves this purpose: before it ends she has no choice if he embraces Islam, whereas after it ends she may choose—if she wishes, she may go back to him, and if she wishes, she may decline.

Fifthly: Likewise, he has no guardianship over anyone he would otherwise represent if he were Muslim, because justice is a prerequisite for guardianship and a disbeliever is not just. Hence a man who abandons the prayer can never act as guardian for any Muslim servant of Allah—not even for his own daughter. He cannot give her in marriage, for he has no guardianship over her.

Sixthly: He is not to be washed, shrouded, prayed over, or buried among the Muslims. Instead he is taken to the open land, a pit is dug for him, and he is placed in it and covered—without the dignity of a marked grave—because he is not entitled to mercy.

يتزوج امرأة بعقد صحيح، أما عقد أبيها لها وهو مرتد كافر فلا يصح، ولو يعقد ألف مرة فليس بشيء. رابعا: لو ترك الصلاة في أثناء زواجه انفسخ نكاحه، ومثاله: رجل تزوج أمراه وهي تصلي وهو يصلي، وبعد ذلك ترك الصلاة، فإننا نقول: يجب التفريق بينه وبين المرأة وجوبا حتى يصلي، فإذا فرقنا بينهما واعتدت فانه لا يمكن أن يرجع إليها، أما قبل انتهاء العدة، فانه إذا اسلم ورجع إلى الإسلام وصلي فهي زوجته، أما إذا انتهت العدة فقد انفصلت منه، ولا تحل له إلا بعقد جديد علي قول جمهور أهل العلم، وبعضهم يقول: إنها إذا انتهت من العدة ملكت نفسها، ولكن لو اسلم أرادت أن ترجع إليه فلا باس بدون عقد، وهذا القول هو الراجح، دلالة السنة عليه، لكن فائدة العدة هو إنها قبل العدة إذا اسلم لا خيار لها، وأما بعد العدة فلها الخيار إذا اسلم، أن شاءت رجعت إليه، وان شاءت لم ترجع. خامسا: ومن ذلك أيضا انه لا ولاية له علي أحد ممن يتولاه لو كان مسلما، لان من شروط الولاية العدالة، والكافر ليس بعدل، فلا يكون تارك الصلاة وليا علي أحد من عباد الله المسلمين أبدا، حتى لو كانت ابنته فانه لا يزوجها، لأنه ليس له ولاية عليها. سادسا: ومن ذلك أيضا انه لا يغسل، ولا يكفن، ولا يصلي عليه، ولا يدفن مع المسلمين، وإنما يخرج به إلى البر ويحفر له حفرة يرمس فيها رمسا لا قبرا، لأنه ليس له رحمة.