If you were to stand in the presence of an earthly king while he confided in you and spoke to you, and you had to remain on your feet for two full hours conversing with him, you would find it perfectly manageable. You would stand without shifting from bowing to prostration to sitting, and you would rejoice that such a king was addressing you, however long he chose to stay. How, then, when you are conversing with your Lord—the One who created you, provides for you, sustains you, and has prepared everything for you—can you converse with Him and yet run away from the prayer in this fashion? Satan, indeed, is man’s enemy, and the intelligent, resolute believer is the one who takes Satan as an enemy, just as Allah the Exalted has said: “Indeed Satan is an enemy to you, so take him as an enemy; he only calls his party to be among the companions of the Blaze” (Fatir 35:6).
Accordingly, a person must be tranquil in his prayer, with a stillness that is evident in every action and every utterance of the prayer.
Issue: What is the ruling on someone who does not establish the prayer?
Answer: Whoever performs the prayer but not in perfect form—that is, he neglects some of its complementary elements—is deprived of the extra reward that comes from completing it, yet he is not sinful. For instance, if in bowing he confines himself to saying subḥāna rabbiyal-ʿaẓīm (Glory be to my Lord, the Magnificent) once, while maintaining tranquility, that is sufficient, though he misses the additional reward of repeating the glorification.
As for the one who fails to establish it altogether, meaning he abandons the prayer entirely, such a person is a disbeliever, an apostate from Islam, guilty of unbelief that expels him from the religion. In this world he is no longer counted among the Muslims, and in the Hereafter he will be among the disbelievers. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, informed us that he will be resurrected alongside Pharaoh, Haman, Qarun, and Ubayy ibn Khalaf—those leaders of unbelief with whom he will be gathered.