by the amānah (the trust) is not one of us.” A sound hadith, recorded by Abū Dāwūd with an authentic chain.

1710 – From him (Buraydah) also: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever swears and says, ‘I repudiate Islam,’ then if he is lying he is as he has said, and if he is truthful he will never return to Islam unscathed.” Reported by Abū Dāwūd.

1711 – Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) heard a man say, “No—by the Kaʿbah!” Ibn ʿUmar told him, “Do not swear by anything other than Allah, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Whoever swears by other than Allah has fallen into disbelief or polytheism.’” Reported by al-Tirmidhī, who graded it ḥasan. Some scholars explained the phrase “has fallen into disbelief or polytheism” as hyperbolic censure, just as it is related that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Showing off is shirk.”

[Explanation]
The author, may Allah have mercy on him, entitles this chapter: “The Prohibition of Swearing Oaths.” An oath (ḥalaf) is the confirmation of a statement by invoking something held in veneration. A person only swears by what he esteems as great, as though he were saying, “In proportion to the greatness of what I invoke, I am telling the truth.” For that reason it is permissible to swear by Allah—say “By Allah,” or swear by one of His attributes, or by any of His names