Chapter: The prohibition on swearing an oath by any created being—such as the Prophet ﷺ, the Kaʿbah, the angels, one’s life, one’s soul, the ruler’s favor, or the soil of a particular person—for this is among the most emphatically forbidden forms of oath-taking.

1707 – Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Allah, Exalted and Most High, forbids you to swear by your forefathers. Whoever has to take an oath, let him swear by Allah, or else remain silent.” Agreed upon. Another wording in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī reads: “Whoever must swear should swear by none but Allah, or keep silent.”

1708 – ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared, “Do not swear by the ṭawāghi or by your forefathers.” Recorded by Muslim. The word ṭawāghi is the plural of ṭāghiyah and denotes idols; hence the expression in another report, “This is the ṭāghiyah of Daws,” meaning their idol and object of worship. A wording outside Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim has ṭawāghīt, the plural of ṭāghūt, which refers to Satan or an idol.

1709 – Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever swears …"