of Anas and ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with them).
In the hadith of Anas the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Spitting in the mosque is a sin, and its expiation is to bury it.” The word “sin” here means an act of disobedience, and “burying it” means that if spittle falls from a person he must cover it with earth. From the Prophet’s words—“Spitting in the mosque is a sin”—we learn that it is forbidden to spit in the mosque, whether a person ejects mucus, clears his throat, or anything similar. It is a sin for two reasons:
- First, it is an affront to the houses of Allah, which He has commanded to be exalted and in which His name is to be mentioned.
- Second, it harms those who pray there; a worshipper might prostrate on it without noticing, or he might feel revulsion when he sees it, thereby being bothered and distracted.
Therefore it is not permissible for anyone to spit in the mosque. If it should happen, its expiation is to bury it when it is on the ground, and to scrape it off when it is on a wall or something similar. This ruling is based on the hadith of ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her) in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw mucus or spittle on the vaulted ceiling of the mosque and scraped it away. Hence, if it is on the ground its expiation is to bury it, and if it is on a wall its expiation is to scrape it off until it disappears.
As for our mosques today, they are carpeted, so the expiation is to wipe the spittle with a tissue or cloth until it is removed. We say from the outset that it is not lawful to expectorate in the mosque; but if it does occur, this is its expiation.
He then went on to mention the hadith of ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her) wherein the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the spittle