—flog each of them one hundred lashes, and let no compassion for them deter you from upholding Allah’s law. Show them no leniency; administer the lashes in full. Whoever strikes people without right, however, is one of the inhabitants of Hellfire—may Allah protect us.

The second category consists of women who are clothed yet naked, who deviate and lead others to deviate; their heads are like the tilted humps of Bactrian camels. Such women will not enter Paradise, nor will they even smell its fragrance, though its fragrance is detectable from a great distance.

These, then, are the “clothed yet naked” women. Some scholars say they are clothed in tangible garments but naked of piety, for Allah the Exalted says, “But the garment of piety—that is better.” On this reading, the ḥadīth encompasses every impious, immoral woman—even if her clothes are loose—because “clothed” refers to outward attire, while they are naked of piety. Whoever is stripped of piety is, beyond doubt, naked, as Allah says: “But the garment of piety—that is better.”

Others explain “clothed yet naked” to mean that she does wear actual garments, but they do not conceal her body: either because they are tight, or thin and transparent, or short. Any woman who dresses in this manner is described as clothed yet naked.

They are “mumīlāt māʾilāt”: mumīlāt, meaning they tilt their coiffure, as some have interpreted it, arranging their hair on one side. This is a form of deviation, for they lead others to deviate by their hairstyles—especially since this style has reached us from unbelieving women. Sadly, some Muslim women—may Allah grant them refuge—have adopted it, parting the hair to one side