Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (6/323)

Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-ṢāliḥīnIbn al-'Uthaymin

Then Allah—exalted is He—made it clear that these people had relied on a corrupt analogy when they said, “Trade is just like usury.” In their view there is no difference: just as you may sell a sheep to a man for one hundred riyals, you may sell him one dirham for two dirhams—so what distinction is there? Hence they claim, “Trade is like usury.” Their reasoning resembles that of Satan when Allah commanded him to prostrate to Adam and he retorted, “I am better than he; You created me from fire and created him from clay” (7:12). He set aside a divine injunction in favor of a faulty analogy, and these people have done the same. Accordingly, Allah declared that no analogy can stand in the face of a revealed ruling: “Yet Allah has permitted trade and prohibited usury” (2:275). He did not make trade lawful and usury unlawful except because of the vast difference between them; the two are not the same. But when Allah blinds a person’s heart, he comes to see falsehood as truth and truth as falsehood—may Allah protect us. Concerning the one whose heart is sealed, Allah says, “Whenever Our verses are recited to him, he says, ‘Legends of the former peoples’” (83:13). The Quran—the most sublime, lucid, and eloquent speech—yet they call it tales of the ancients. Why? “No indeed! Rather, what they used to earn has cast a stain upon their hearts” (83:14). When the heart is sealed—Allah’s refuge is sought—it regards falsehood as truth and truth as falsehood. Such people say, “Trade is just like usury,” whereas Allah says, “Yet Allah has permitted trade and prohibited usury.”

After that, Allah offered repentance to those who devour usury, as is His constant practice in extending forgiveness to sinners so that they might turn back to Him, for Allah loves those who repent and loves those who purify themselves. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ even said, “Allah is more delighted with the repentance of His servant than one of you would be with his mount.” A man was once in the wilderness with his riding beast, upon which were his supplies of food and drink

ثم قال ﷿ مبينا أن هؤلاء قاسوا قياسا فاسدا فقالوا: ﴿إنما البيع مثل الربا﴾ لا فرق كما أنك تبيع للرجل مثلا شاة بمائة ريال تبيع عليه درهم بدرهمين أي فرق فيقولون ﴿إنما البيع مثل الربا﴾ وقياسهم هذا كقياس الشيطان حين أمره الله أن يسجد لآدم فقال ﴿قال أنا خير منه خلقتني من نار وخلقته من طين﴾ فقابل النص بالقياس الفاسد هؤلاء أيضا قاسوا قياسا فاسدا فبين الله ﷿ أنه لا قياس مع الحكم الشرعي قال ﴿وأحل الله البيع وحرم الربا﴾ ولم يحل الله البيع ويحرم الربا إلا للفرق العظيم بينهما وأنهما ليسا سواء لكن من طمس الله قلبه رأى الباطل حقا والحق باطلا والعياذ بالله كما قال ﷿ فيمن طمس الله على قلبه ﴿إذا تتلى عليه آياتنا قال أساطير الأولين﴾ القرآن الكريم أساطير الأولين أعظم كلام وأبين كلام وأفصح كلام يقولون أساطير الأولين لماذا ﴿كلا بل ران على قلوبهم ما كانوا يكسبون﴾ إذا انطمس القلب والعياذ بالله رأى الباطل حقا ورأى الحق باطلا هؤلاء يقولون ﴿إنما البيع مثل الربا﴾ فقال الله ﴿وأحل الله البيع وحرم الربا﴾ ثم عرض الله ﷿ التوبة على هؤلاء الأكالين للربا كعادته جل وعلا يعرض التوبة على المذنبين لعلهم يتوبون إليه لأن الله يحب التوابين ويحب المتطهرين حتى قال الرسول ﷺ: لله أشد فرحا بتوبة عبده من أحدكم براحلته كان رجل في البر معه راحلته عليها طعامه وشرابه