Sharḥ Riyāḍ al-ṢāliḥīnIbn al-'Uthaymin

rescind the contract.

  1. They may agree that neither of them shall enjoy the option; in that case the very act of contracting renders the sale binding and neither party retains any right of rescission.

  2. They may agree that the option belongs solely to the seller and not to the buyer; here the option rests with the seller alone, while the buyer has no such right.

  3. Or they may agree that the option is the buyer’s and the seller has none. In that case the option belongs to the buyer and the seller has no claim to it. This is because the option is a right shared by both seller and buyer; if they both consent to waive it, or one of them does so while the other does not, the right remains confined to the two of them and does not extend beyond them. The Prophet ﷺ said, “Muslims are bound by their stipulations, except a stipulation that makes lawful what is unlawful or makes unlawful what is lawful.”

As for the Prophet’s words, “so long as they have not separated,” he did not specify what sort of separation is meant. What is intended is physical separation—that one of them leaves the other. Once they part, the option lapses and the sale becomes binding.

The Prophet ﷺ also said, “If they are truthful and give full disclosure, their sale will be blessed.” This is the point of evidence drawn from the hadith for this chapter, because the chapter concerns truthfulness.

His words, “If they are truthful and give full disclosure, their sale will be blessed”: “If they are truthful” in describing the desirable qualities of the commodity, and “give full disclosure” in describing the

يفسخ العقد. ٢ ـ وإما أن يتبايعا على أن لا يكون الخيار لواحد منهما، وحينئذ يلزم البيع لمجرد العقد ولا خيار لأحد. ٣ ـ وإما أن يتبايعا أن الخيار للبائع وحده دون المشتري، وهنا يكون الخيار للبائع، والمشتري لا خيار له. ٤ ـ وإما أن يتبايعا على أن الخيار للمشتري والبائع لا خيار له، وحينئذ يكون الخيار للمشتري، وليس للبائع خيار. وذلك لأن الخيار حق للبائع والمشتري فإذا رضينا بإسقاطه أو رضي أحدهما دون الآخر، فالحق لهما لا يعدوهما، وقد قال النبي ﵊: ((المسلمون على شروطهم إلا شرطا حرما حلالا أو أحل حراما)) . وقول النبي ﵊: (ما لم يتفرقا)) لم يبين التفرق، ولكن المراد التفرق بالبدن، يعني ما لم يتفرق أحدهما عن الآخر، فإن تفرقا بطل الخيار ولزم البيع. قال النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم: ((فإن صدقا وبيتا بورك لهما في بيعهما)) وهذا هو الشاهد من الحديث في الباب؛ لأن الباب باب الصدق. قوله: ((فإن صدقا وبينا بورك في بيعهما)) . ((إن صدقا)) فيما يصفان السلعة به من الصفات المرغوبة، ((وبينا)) فيما يصفان به السلعة من

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