for himself while carrying the child, should he also intend that saʿy for both himself and the child? Is it sound to combine the two intentions in one act? We reply: the matter requires some detail. If the child is old enough to grasp the intention, and his guardian tells him, “Form the intention for ṭawāf, form the intention for saʿy,” there is no harm in the guardian performing the circuits while holding him—the guardian intends for himself, and the child intends for himself.

But if the child cannot comprehend the intention, the guardian must not perform a single ṭawāf with two intentions—one for himself and one for the child. Instead, he first performs ṭawāf on his own behalf, then carries his son and performs another ṭawāf for him, or entrusts the child to someone else to do it. A single act cannot carry two separate intentions. This is the proper distinction regarding ṭawāf while carrying a child.

Furthermore, when a person performs Hajj as a proxy for someone else, he is obliged to do everything within his power to perfect the pilgrimage—its pillars, obligations, and recommended acts. Acting on another’s behalf, he must not be negligent in any part of what he undertakes for that person. This differs from one who performs Hajj for himself; if he omits a recommended act in his own Hajj there is no harm. When the Hajj is for someone else, however, you must discharge it to the utmost of your ability. And Allah is the One who grants success.