is required to perform Witr.

As for the eclipse prayer (ṣalāt al-kusūf), the scholars have differed: some hold that it is obligatory, while others say it is not. The sounder opinion is that it is obligatory, because the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—commanded it, was alarmed when the sun eclipsed, and prayed it in an unusual manner. Nonetheless, it is a communal obligation (farḍ kifāyah); if a sufficient number of the townspeople perform it, the duty is lifted from the rest.

The scholars have likewise disagreed about the mosque-greeting prayer (taḥiyyat al-masjid): is it obligatory or not? The view that it is obligatory is strong, yet we cannot state it decisively, for there are hadiths indicating otherwise. For example, when the imam arrives on Friday, the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—would enter the mosque, ascend the pulpit, deliver the sermon, and sit down without praying the mosque greeting. Other reports also suggest that taḥiyyat al-masjid is not obligatory.

The same applies to the two ʿEid prayers: some scholars say they are obligatory, others that they are sunnah, and others that they are a communal obligation. What is certain is that the prayers unanimously agreed upon as obligatory are the five daily prayers, with Jumuʿah taking the place of Ẓuhr.

To “establish the prayer” means that one performs each prayer at its proper time, fulfilling its conditions, pillars, and obligatory elements, and completing it with its recommended acts. This is the true establishment of prayer.

“Paying the zakah” means giving the prescribed alms to those entitled to receive it. Zakah is the portion of your wealth that Allah has made obligatory on you from gold, silver, currency, trade goods, agricultural produce, and livestock. You must give this zakah to its rightful beneficiaries, whom Allah has identified, saying: “Charitable offerings are only for the poor…"