—this is the very essence of walāyah (divine friendship). Walāyah is not that a person wears coarse garments, postures like a monk before people, lengthens his sleeves, or lowers his head in affected humility. True walāyah is faith and godfearingness—“those who believe and remain mindful of Him.” Whoever shows enmity toward such believers is, in effect, at war with Allah—may He protect us.
Allah, exalted is He, then says in the sacred hadith: “My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more beloved to Me than what I have made obligatory upon him.” In other words, the deeds dearest to Allah are the prescribed duties. The ẓuhr prayer is dearer to Him than its supererogatory sunnah; the maghrib prayer is dearer than its rawātib; the ʿishāʾ prayer is dearer than its optional companion; the fajr prayer is dearer than its sunnah. Every obligatory prayer is more beloved to Allah than voluntary night-vigil; obligations, in general, are preferred to supererogatory acts. Obligatory zakat is dearer to Him than optional charity, and the required pilgrimage is dearer than a voluntary one. Whatever carries the mark of obligation is what Allah loves most.
The hadith continues: “My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more beloved than what I have enjoined upon him, and he keeps drawing near to Me through voluntary works until I love him.” This makes it clear that one of the paths to Allah’s love is an abundance of nawāfil—extra prayers, charity, fasting, pilgrimage, and every other voluntary devotion.
Thus the servant continues approaching Allah through these nawāfil until Allah loves him. When Allah loves him, He becomes his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hand with which he grasps, and his foot with which he walks. If the servant asks Me, I will certainly grant him; and if he seeks refuge in Me, I will surely grant him refuge.
“I become his hearing”—meaning: I guide what he hears, so he listens only to what pleases Allah; “his sight”—I guide his sight so that he sees only what Allah loves; “his hand with which he strikes”—so he uses his hand only in ways that please Allah; “and his foot with which he walks”—so that he never