Sharh Usul Itiqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa-al-Jamaah - Al-Lalakai - (1/193)

319—Muhammad ibn Rizq Allah informed us; Ahmad ibn Hamdan informed us; Abu al-Hasan Idris ibn Abd al-Karim related to us:

A man from the people of Khurasan sent a letter to Abu Thawr Ibrahim ibn Khalid asking him: What is faith? Does it increase and decrease? Is it merely speech, or speech and deeds, or speech, affirmation, and deeds?

He replied: “It is affirmation of the heart, verbal profession, and the deeds of the limbs.”

He also asked him: Who are the Qadariyyah? He replied: “The Qadariyyah are those who say that Allah did not create the servants’ actions, and that Allah did not decree acts of disobedience for His servants or create them. Such people are Qadariyyah: prayer is not to be performed behind them, their sick are not to be visited, their funerals are not to be attended, and they are to be called to repent of this doctrine. If they repent, well and good; otherwise, they are to be beheaded.

“I also asked: What of praying behind one who says that the Quran is created? Such a person is a disbeliever by virtue of his statement, and prayer is not to be performed behind him. This is because the Quran is the Speech of Allah—exalted is His praise—and there is no disagreement concerning this among the people of knowledge. Whoever says that the Speech of Allah is created has disbelieved and alleged that something came to exist in Allah that had not previously been.

“I also asked: Will any of the people of tawhid remain eternally in the Fire? Our position is that no person who professes tawhid will remain eternally in the Fire.”

٣١٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ , قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَمْدَانَ , قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ قَالَ: أَرْسَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ إِلَى أَبِي ثَوْرٍ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ بِكِتَابٍ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ مَا هُوَ؟ وَيَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ؟ وَقَوْلٌ أَوْ قَوْلٌ وَعَمَلٌ؟ أَوْ قَوْلٌ وَتَصْدِيقٌ وَعَمَلٌ؟ فَأَجَابَهُ: إِنَّهُ التَّصْدِيقُ بِالْقَلْبِ , وَالْإِقْرَارُ بِاللِّسَانِ , وَعَمَلُ الْجَوَارِحِ. وَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْقَدَرِيَّةِ مَنْ هُمْ؟ فَقَالَ: " إِنَّ الْقَدَرِيَّةَ مَنْ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَخْلُقْ أَفْعَالَ الْعِبَادِ وَإِنَّ الْمَعَاصِيَ لَمْ يُقَدِّرْهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ وَلَمْ يَخْلُقْهَا , فَهَؤُلَاءِ قَدَرِيَّةٌ لَا يُصَلَّى خَلْفَهُمْ , وَلَا يُعَادُ مَرِيضُهُمْ , وَلَا يُشْهَدُ جَنَائِزُهُمْ , وَيُسْتَتَابُونَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةِ , فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَإِلَّا ضُرِبَتْ أَعْنَاقُهُمْ. وَسَأَلْتُ: الصَّلَاةُ خَلْفَ مَنْ يَقُولُ: الْقُرْآنُ مَخْلُوقٌ؟ فَهَذَا كَافِرٌ بِقَوْلِهِ , لَا يُصَلَّى خَلْفَهُ , وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ كَلَامُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ , وَلَا اخْتِلَافَ فِيهِ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ , وَمَنْ قَالَ: كَلَامُ اللَّهِ مَخْلُوقٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿ حَدَثَ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ. وَسَأَلْتُ: " يُخَلَّدُ فِي النَّارِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّوْحِيدِ؟ وَالَّذِي عِنْدَنَا أَنْ نَقُولَ: لَا يُخَلَّدُ مُوَحِّدٌ فِي النَّارِ.