and asked, ‘How should the night prayer be performed?’ He replied, ‘Two rakʿahs at a time. If you fear the approach of dawn, perform Witr with one rakʿah, thereby making what you have already prayed odd-numbered.’” (1)
This narration clarifies that the Prophet’s words, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “two rakʿahs at a time,” explain how the prayer is to be performed, not how many rakʿahs are to be performed. With those words, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not intend to specify a number; rather, he was explaining how the rakʿahs are separated and joined together. Thus, the night prayer is performed two rakʿahs at a time. A hadith is best explained by another hadith. (2)
The third ground is that the Prophet’s words, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “two rakʿahs at a time,” indicate the manner of performance, not a particular number. The distributive form of the numeral (“two at a time”) simply means: Perform the night prayer two rakʿahs at a time; it is not intended to specify their total number. Understand this well. This is likewise found in the words of Allah Most High: “Marry such women as seem good to you—two, three, or four.” [al-Nisā': 3] (3)
- (2-4-3) Witr with a Single Rakʿah: Witr may be performed with a single rakʿah. The following evidence supports this:
a) The aforementioned words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: “The night prayer is performed two rakʿahs at a time. If you fear the approach of dawn, perform Witr with one rakʿah.”
b) The aforementioned hadith of Abū Ayyūb, in which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Witr is a duty for every Muslim. Whoever wishes may perform Witr with seven rakʿahs; whoever wishes, with five; whoever wishes, with three; whoever wishes, with one; and whoever is overcome should perform it by gestures.”
c) Ibn Umar reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Witr is a single rakʿah at the end of the night.” Recorded by Muslim. (4)