Further evidence that the night prayer and Witr are not obligatory is the previously cited report from Abū Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, in which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “The best fasting after Ramadan is during Allah’s month of Muharram, and the best prayer after the prescribed prayer is the night prayer.” Recorded by Muslim. (1)
This indicates that the night prayer is not obligatory, for he ranked the night prayer above all other prayers apart from the prescribed prayer, and paired the merit of fasting during Allah’s month of Muharram with that of the night prayer. Just as fasting during Allah’s month of Muharram is not obligatory, neither is the night prayer. Allah knows best.
The point is that these texts, taken together, indicate that the night prayer and Witr are not obligatory. They therefore constitute contextual evidence that redirects what some hadiths may appear to imply regarding the obligation of Witr, shifting the ruling from obligation to recommendation. Allah knows best.
This absence of obligation is further confirmed by Lady Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who stated that the night vigil was obligatory at first. Allah then revealed the concession at the end of Sūrat al-Muzzammil, and the night vigil became voluntary after having been obligatory. (2)