Bughyat al-Mutatawwi fi Salat al-TatawwuMuhammad ibn Umar Bazmul

the obligatory Dhuhr prayer, without restriction. (1)

Fourth: One Who Misses the Two Rak‘ahs After Dhuhr

Kurayb, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, narrated that Ibn Abbas, Abd al-Rahmān ibn Azhar and al-Miswar ibn Makhrama sent him to Aisha, the wife of the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him. They said, “Convey greetings of peace to her from all of us. Ask her about the two rak‘ahs after [the prayer of] Asr, and tell her, ‘We have been informed that you perform them, although word has reached us that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—forbade them.’” (Ibn Abbas said, “Alongside Umar ibn al-Khattāb, I used to beat people for performing them.”)

Kurayb said: I went in to see her and conveyed the message they had sent with me. She said, “Ask Umm Salama.” I returned to them and informed them of what she had said, so they sent me to Umm Salama with the same message they had sent me with to Aisha.

Umm Salama said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—forbidding them, but then I saw him perform them. The occasion on which he performed them was this: he had prayed Asr and then entered while some women from the Ansar belonging to Banū Harām were with me. He performed the two rak‘ahs, so I sent the maidservant to him. I told her, ‘Stand beside him and say, “Umm Salama says: O Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—I hear you forbidding these two rak‘ahs, yet I see you performing them.” If he gestures with his hand, step back from him.’”

She said: “The maidservant did so. He gestured with his hand, and she stepped back from him. When he had finished, he said, ‘O daughter of Abū Umayya! You asked about the two rak‘ahs after Asr. Some people from Abd al-Qays came to me bringing news that their people had embraced Islam, and they kept me from performing the two rak‘ahs after Dhuhr. These are those two rak‘ahs.’” Reported by al-Bukhārī and Muslim. (2)

(1) If the report containing the wording, “…he performed them after the two rak‘ahs following Dhuhr,” is authentic, then this is the prescribed practice. However, it appears to be *munkar* (rejected). Accordingly, the four missed rak‘ahs may be performed at any time after the obligatory Dhuhr prayer, as the eminent al-Albānī stated in *Tamām al-Minna* (p. 241). (2) An authentic hadith. It was recorded by al-Bukhārī in the Book of Forgetfulness, chapter “When Someone Speaks to a Person While He Is Praying and He Gestures with His Hand and Listens” (hadith no. 1233); the additional wording is his. He also recorded it in the Book of Military Expeditions, chapter “The Delegation of Abd al-Qays” (hadith no. 4370). Muslim recorded it in the Book of the Prayer of Travelers and Its Abbreviation, chapter “Identifying the Two Rak‘ahs That the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—Used to Perform after Asr” (hadith no. 834); the wording is his. Al-Tahāwī also recorded it in *Sharh Ma‘ānī al-Āthār* (1/306), with an additional report from Umm Salama. She asked the Messenger, “Should we make up these two rak‘ahs if we miss them?” He replied, “No.” This addition is defective, because the leading hadith authorities narrated the hadith without it. It is also established in the same hadith that Aisha used to perform these two rak‘ahs. Had this addition been authentic, she would have known of it, especially since she was the one who sent Kurayb to Umm Salama. Because of this addition, al-Albānī included this version in *Silsilat al-Ahādīth al-Da‘īfa* (hadith no. 946), judging it to be *munkar* (rejected).
فرض الظهر مطلقاً. (١) رابعاً: من فاتته الركعتان بعد الظهر: عن كريب مولى ابن عباس وعبد الرحمن بن أزهر والمسور بن مخرمة أرسلوه إلى عائشة زوج النبي ﷺ، فقالوا: اقرأ ﵍ منا جميعاً، وسلها عن الركعتين بعد [صلاة] العصر، وقل: إنا أخبرنا أنك تصلينهما، وقد بلغنا أن رسول الله ﷺ نهى عنهما (قال ابن عباس: وكنت أضرب مع عمر بن الخطاب الناس عليها) ؟ قال كريب: فدخلت عليها وبلغتها ما أرسلوني به، فقالت: سل أم سلمة. فخرجت إليهم، فأخبرتهم بقولها، فردوني إلى أم سلمة بمثل ما أرسلوني به إلى عائشة، فقالت أم سلمة: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ ينهى عنهما، ثم رأيته يصليهما، أما حين صلاهما؛ فإنه صلى العصر، ثم دخل وعندي نسوة من بنى حرام من الأنصار، فصلاهما فأرسلت إليه الجارية، فقلت: قومي بجنبه، فقولي له: تقول أم سلمة: يا رسول الله ﷺ! إني أسمعك تنهى عن هاتين الركعتين، وأراك تصليهما " فإن أشار بيده؛ فاستأخري عنه. قال: ففعلت الجارية، فأشار بيده، فاستأخرت عنه، فلما انصرف؛ قال: "يا بنت أبي أمية! سألت عن الركعتين بعد العصر؟ إنه أتاني ناس من عبد القيس بالإسلام من قومهم، فشغلوني عن الركعتين اللتين بعد الظهر، فهما هاتان ". أخرجه الشيخان. (٢)
(١) إذا صحت الرواية التي بلفظ: " ... صلاهن بعد الركعتين بعد الظهر"؛ فهذا هو المشروع، لكن الظاهر أنها منكرة، وعليه يشرع صلاتها بعد فرض الظهر مطلقاً، كما قال العلامة الألباني في "تمام المنة" (ص٢٤١) . (٢) حديث صحيح. أخرجه البخاري في (كتاب السهو، باب إذا كلم وهو يصلي فأشار بيده واستمع، حديث رقم ١٢٣٣) والزيادة له، وأخرجه في (كتاب المغازي، باب وفد عن القيس، حديث رقم ٤٣٧٠) ، وأخرجه مسلم في (كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها، باب معرفة الركعتين اللتين كان يصليهما النبي ﷺ بعد العصر، حديث رقم ٨٣٤) واللفظ له. وأخرجه الطحاوي في "شرح معاني الآثار" (١/٣٠٦) بزيادة عن أم سلمة؛ أنها قالت للرسول: أفنقضيهما إذا فاتتا؟ قال: "لا" وهذه الزيادة معلولة؛ لأن الحفاظ رووا هذا الحديث بدونها، وثبت عن السيدة عائشة أنها كانت تصليهما كما في الحديث نفسه، فلو كانت هذه الزيادة ثابتة؛ لعلمتها، وهي التي أرسلت كريباً إلى أم سلمة، ومن أجل هذه الزيادة أورد الألباني هذه الرواية في (سلسلة الأحاديث الضعيفة، حديث رقم ٩٤٦) ، حاكماً بنكارتها.

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