watching him and did not object to what he did.” Narrated by al-Tirmidhī and Ibn Hibbān. (1)
This hadith indicates that one who did not perform the regular sunnah prayer of Fajr before the obligatory prayer may make it up afterward.
(2-2-2) The Regular Sunnah Prayer of Dhuhr
The following issues relate to this regular sunnah prayer:
First: Its ruling.
Second: Its manner and virtue.
Third: One who misses the four rak‘ahs before Dhuhr.
Fourth: One who misses the two rak‘ahs after Dhuhr.
The following is a detailed explanation:
First: Its Ruling
The regular sunnah prayer of Dhuhr is among the recommended sunnah prayers established from the Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—in both word and deed.
There is no evidence indicating that it is obligatory.
(1) A hadith graded sound on the strength of corroborating evidence.
It was recorded by al-Tirmidhī in the Book of Prayer, chapter “What Has Been Reported concerning One Who Misses the Two Rak‘ahs before Fajr and Performs Them after the Morning Prayer” (hadith no. 422, 1/324, *Tuhfa*), and by Abū Dāwūd in the Book of Prayer, chapter “One Who Misses It and Subsequently Makes It Up” (hadith no. 1267). It was graded authentic by al-Hākim (1/274), Ibn Khuzayma (no. 1116), and Ibn Hibbān (no. 624, *Mawārid*; 4/222, hadith no. 2471, *al-Ihsān*). The hadith was also graded authentic by the eminent scholar Ahmad Shākir in his edition of *Sunan al-Tirmidhī* (2/286), and by al-Albānī in *Sahih Sunan al-Tirmidhī* (1/133).
A useful point: The hadith establishes the permissibility of making up missed prayers during a time in which prayer is prohibited.