Al-Qawaid al-Hisan li-Tafsir al-Quran - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (102)

So Allah said, “I have granted it.” (1)
He also says in Sūrat al-Aḥzāb: “There is no blame on you for what you do by mistake; blame rests only on what your hearts have intended” (33:5).

Allah speaks of accidental killing and fixes for it the blood-money and an expiation; then He says in Sūrat an-Nisāʾ: “Whoever deliberately kills a believer—his recompense is Hell, wherein he will remain; Allah’s wrath and His curse are upon him, and He has prepared for him a tremendous punishment” (4:93).

Concerning the penalty for hunting, He says in Sūrat al-Māʾidah: “Whoever among you kills it intentionally, the recompense is livestock equivalent to what he has killed …” (5:95).

And in Sūrat al-Baqarah He says: “Know that Allah is aware of what is within you, so beware of Him” (2:235).

And there are many other verses showing that bodily deeds and spoken words—their soundness or corruption, and the reward or sin they incur—turn entirely on what the heart harbors of purpose and intention.

(1) Narrated by Muslim, no. 126.

فقال الله [قد فعلت] (١) وقال في سورة الأحزاب: ﴿وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا أَخْطَأْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَكِنْ مَا تَعَمَّدَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ﴾ [الأحزاب: ٥] وذكر الله قتل الخطأ ورتب عليه الدية والكفارة، ثم قال في سورة النساء: ﴿وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِداً فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَاباً عَظِيماً﴾ [النساء:٩٣] وقال في جزاء الصيد في سورة المائدة: ﴿وَمَنْ قَتَلَهُ مِنْكُمْ مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ ـ الآية﴾ [المائدة: ٩٥] وقال في سورة البقرة: ﴿وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٣٥] . إلى غير ذلك من الآيات الدالة على أن أعمال الأبدان وأقوال اللسان، وصحتها وفسادها، ورتب أجرها أو وزرها: بحسب ما قام بالقلب من القصد والنية.

(١) رواه مسلم برقم [١٢٦]