—not from the ignorant or the mendacious.
It is also plain that al-Zubayr ibn Bakkār, author of Kitāb al-Ansāb, and Muḥammad ibn Saʿd, the scribe of al-Wāqidī and author of the Ṭabaqāt, together with others who are known for learning, reliability, and wide knowledge, are the most conversant with this subject and the most trustworthy in what they transmit, as opposed to the unknown narrators and fabricators, and certain chroniclers whose learning and integrity are not dependable. A man may indeed be truthful, yet have no expertise in isnāds, so he cannot distinguish between what is acceptable and what is rejected; or he may have a poor memory, or be suspected of lying, or of padding his reports—traits found in many storytellers and historians, especially people like Abū Mikhnaf Lūṭ ibn Yaḥyā (2) and the like.
It is well known that even al-Wāqidī himself is regarded by scholars as better than the likes of Hishām ibn al-Kalbī, his father Muḥammad ibn al-Saʾib, and their peers; yet the scholarly criticism of al-Wāqidī is common knowledge. Hence, what he and those similar to him record may be used for corroboration and as supporting material, but it is not fit to rely on it alone for establishing knowledge.
Thus, when the authorities relied upon state that the head was buried in Medina, while others claim it either returned to the body, or is in Aleppo, Damascus, or other such places—assertions without foundation—and no dependable scholar has ever said it is in ʿAsqalan, it becomes evident that the claim is false. It is impossible that the people of knowledge and honesty should all be mistaken while the ignorant and deceitful are correct in matters of transmitted reports, which must be taken only from those known for learning and truthfulness.