Majmu FatawaSalih Al-Fawzan

Question: If he chooses not to rejoin the imam, must he perform the prostration of forgetfulness after completing the prayer?
Answer: Yes. He must make sujūd al-sahw because he did not follow his imam.
***
Ignorance as an Excuse in the Prayer
Some people living in villages that are remote from centers of learning and Islamic outreach are ignorant of many religious rulings, including those of the prayer. They do not know how many rakʿahs are required for the obligatory prayers; some of them pray three or even four rakʿahs for Fajr, combining the sunnah and the obligatory prayer and ending them with a single taslīm, and they do likewise in the other obligatory prayers out of ignorance. What is the ruling concerning the prayers they have already performed, and concerning those who died in that condition?

Answer: If what they did was due to negligence—meaning they could have inquired but did not seek knowledge, even though there were people who could guide and benefit them, yet they ignored that and were unconcerned—then their prayers are invalid because, in this case, they are not excused. A Muslim is required to learn the rulings of an act of worship before carrying it out, and with obligatory duties in particular a person must know their rulings before embarking upon them so that he can perform them in the prescribed manner, as far as he is able. Therefore, if these people had someone to direct them, or they were able to contact scholars, or they had access to books and pamphlets, or could have obtained them simply by asking but did not do so and made no effort, then they are not excused for their ignorance; they have no valid excuse, and their prayers are invalid.

سؤال: لو لم ينضم فعليه سجود السهو إذا أكمل الصلاة؟ الجواب: نعم، عليه أن يسجد للسهو لأنه لم يتبع إمامه. *** العذر بالجهل في الصلاة بعض الناس في بعض القرى البعيدة عن التعليم والدعوة إلى الإسلام، يجهلون الكثير من أحكام الدين، ومن ذلك الصلاة، فهم لا يعرفون عدد ركعات الفروض، فمنهم من يصلي الفجر ثلاث ركعات أو أربع، يجمعون السنة والفريضة بسلام واحد، وهكذا في بقية الفروض جهلًا منهم، فما الحكم فيما مضى من صلواتهم، وفيمن مات وهو على تلك الحالة؟ الجواب: إذا كان فعلهم هذا تساهلًا منهم بأن يسألوا ولم يبحثوا، وعندهم من يرشدهم ويفيدهم، ولكنهم أهملوا ذلك ولم يبالوا، فإن صلاتهم لا تصح؛ لأنهم غير معذورين في هذه الحالة؛ لأنه مطلوب من المسلم أن يعرف أحكام العبادة قبل أن يؤديها، وأداء الواجبات والفرائض بالأخص يجب على الإنسان أن يعرف أحكامها، قبل أن يشرع فيها ليؤديها على الوجه المشروع، مهما أمكنه ذلك، فإذا كان هؤلاء عندهم من يرشدهم، وباستطاعتهم أن يتصلوا بأهل العلم، أو عندهم مثلًا من الكتب والنشرات، أو يمكن حصولهم على ذلك بطلبه ولم يفعلوا هذا ولم يتسببوا فهؤلاء لا يعذرون بالجهل؛ لأنهم لا عذر لهم وصلاتهم غير صحيحة.

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