Answer: It is permissible to pray without giving the adhān and the prayer is still valid. However, the adhān is an independent act of worship: it announces the entrance of the prayer time and stands as a public emblem of Islam. It carries great merit, so one should be careful to observe it. For every prayer, once its time begins, it is recommended—even for someone praying alone in the desert—to call the adhān and then perform the prayer, for that brings tremendous virtue and reward.

If a person, or even a group, performs the prayer without an adhān, their prayer is nonetheless valid, but they miss out on the reward attached to the adhān. And Allah knows best.

Validity of the prayer when blood is present

Question: What is the ruling on praying in a garment that has blood on it, or when blood exits a person’s body during the prayer?

Answer: If someone prays in a garment that has a small amount of blood on it from an animal whose meat is lawful to eat while alive, there is no harm in that. But if the blood is abundant and he notices it during the prayer, his prayer becomes invalid, because blood in such a quantity is impure. He must leave, wash the garment, and then pray again. If he discovers the blood only after finishing the prayer, the prayer he offered is valid.

Question: Is his prayer valid whether the blood comes from his own body or from an animal?

Answer: If the blood is from an edible animal—that is, residual blood remaining in meat that is lawful to eat—then it is pure. But spilt blood, blood that exits a human, or blood from an animal whose meat is not lawful, is impure if present in large quantity.