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The proof for the Divine decree (qadar) is the Almighty’s statement: “Indeed, everything We have created according to a precise measure” (Q 54:49). [45]
The third level: iḥsān
Definition of iḥsān
The third level is iḥsān, and it rests on a single pillar: “that you worship Allah as though you see Him; and if you do not see Him, He certainly sees you.” [46]
“Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west; rather, true righteousness is to believe in Allah” (al-Baqarah 2:177).
(45) Proof for the sixth pillar of faith: the Most High says, “Indeed, We have created everything according to a precise decree” (al-Qamar 54:49). In other words, everything Allah brings into existence is already determined by His knowledge, His inscription, His will and His volition; nothing is random or accidental. It was previously known to Allah, written in the Preserved Tablet, and willed by Him.
(46) Linguistically, ihsan (excellence) means to perfect and complete a thing. The root comes from hasan, beauty, the opposite of ugliness. Ihsan falls into several categories:
First: excellence in the relationship between the servant and his Lord—this is the intended meaning here.
Second: excellence in dealings between the servant and other people.
ودليل القدر قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ﴾ [القمر: ٤٩] . [٤٥] .
المرتبة الثالثة: الإحسان
تعريف الإحسان
المرتبة الثالثة: الإحسان، ركن واحد، وهو " أن تعبد الله كأنك تراه، فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك ". [٤٦]
﴿لَيْسَ الْبِرَّ أَنْ تُوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ قِبَلَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٧٧] .
[٤٥] دليل الركن السادس من أركان الإيمان: قوله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ﴾ ، أي: كل شيء خلقه الله فإنه مقدر في علمه وكتابته ومشيئته وإرادته ﷾، وليس هو عفويا أو صدفيا، إنما هو أمر سابق في علم الله، ومكتوب في اللوح المحفوظ، وسابق في مشيئة الله وإرادته ﷾.
[٤٦] الإحسان في اللغة: إتقان الشيء وإتمامه، مأخوذ من الحسن، وهو الجمال، ضد القبح، وهو ينقسم إلى أقسام:
أولا: إحسان بين العبد وبين ربه، وهذا هو المقصود.
ثانيا: إحسان بين العبد وبين الناس.