Its conditions are seven, and this testimony profits no one unless those conditions are fulfilled. One of the scholars composed them in verse:
Knowledge, firm conviction, sincerity and truthfulness,
Together with love, willing submission, and acceptance of it.
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Knowledge: the opposite of ignorance. Whoever merely utters la ilaha illa Allah yet is ignorant of its meaning will gain no benefit from it.
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Certainty: he must have no doubt whatsoever, for some people may know its meaning but still hesitate; such knowledge is unsound. One must possess absolute certainty that la ilaha illa Allah is true.
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Sincerity: the opposite of polytheism. Some people say la ilaha illa Allah but refuse to abandon polytheistic practices—such as what we see today among those who worship at graves. The statement will not benefit them, because forsaking polytheism is one of its conditions.
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Truthfulness: the opposite of lying. The hypocrites declare la ilaha illa Allah, yet they lie within their hearts and do not believe its meaning. Allah the Exalted says: “When the hypocrites come to you, they say, ‘We testify that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah.’ Allah knows that you are truly His Messenger, but Allah bears witness that the hypocrites are certainly liars. They take their oaths as a shield…” (Al-Munafiqun 63:1-2).