16
“Say, ‘O People of the Scripture, come to a word that is fair between us and you: that we worship none but Allah, associate nothing with Him, and that none of us take one another as lords instead of Allah.’ If they turn away, then say, ‘Bear witness that we have submitted.’” ⦗Āl ʿImrān 64⦘ ⦗36⦘
(36) Allah says: “Say, People of the Book, come to a common word between us and you: that we worship none but Allah and associate nothing with Him” (Surah Al Imran, 3:64). According to the exegetes, this verse was revealed about the Christian delegation from Najran who came to the Prophet ﷺ, debated with him at length, and were eventually invited to the mutual imprecation (mubahala): “Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves; then let us pray earnestly and invoke Allah’s curse upon the liars” (3:61). When the Prophet ﷺ proposed the mubahala, they lost courage and declined, choosing instead to pay the jizya, for they knew they were in the wrong and that he was truly Allah’s Messenger. The verb nabtahil means “to call down the curse on the one who lies”; they realized that they were the liars, and had they proceeded, the fire would have descended upon them.
وقوله تعالى: ﴿قُلْ يَاأَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ﴾ [آل عمران:٦٤] [٣٦] .
[٣٦] وقوله تعالى: ﴿قُلْ يَاأَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا﴾ هذه الآية من سورة آل عمران نزلت في وفد نجران النصارى الذين قدموا على النبي ﷺ وناظروه وسألوه، وحصل بينهم وبينه كلام طويل، وهم نصارى من نصارى العرب، وفي النهاية طلب النبي ﷺ منهم المباهلة: ﴿فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنْفُسَنَا وَأَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَاذِبِينَ﴾ [آل عمران: ٦١] .
فلما طلب منهم المباهلة خافوا ولم يباهلوه ﵊، ودفعوا له الجزية؛ لأنهم يعلمون أنهم على باطل، وأنه رسول الله ﷺ.
نبتهل: أي ندعو باللعنة على الكاذب منا، وكانوا يعلمون أنهم هم الكاذبون، ولو باهلوه لنزلت عليهم النار