Al-Qawl al-Sadid fi al-Radd ala Man Ankara Taqsim al-Tawhid - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (58)

Al-Qawl al-Sadid fi al-Radd ala Man Ankara Taqsim al-TawhidAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

This statement of the scholars is consistent with what is stated in the Noble Quran. By this I mean that they describe someone who affirms Allah’s lordship—that He is the Creator, the Provider, and so forth—as acknowledging Allah’s oneness in lordship, even if he associates partners with Him in worship.

Allah Most High said:

“So do not set up rivals to Allah while you know.” 1.

Ibn ʿAbbās said: “That is, do not associate with Allah any rivals that can neither benefit nor harm, when you know that you have no Lord besides Him who provides for you. You also know that the affirmation of His oneness to which the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, calls you is the truth about which there is no doubt”2.

Qatāda said: “That is, you know that Allah created you and created the heavens and the earth, yet you set up rivals to Him3”.

Ibn Jarīr said: “… But Allah, exalted be His praise, has stated in His Book concerning them4 that they acknowledged His oneness, yet associated partners with Him in worship. He, exalted be His praise, said:

‘And if you ask them who created them, they will surely say, “Allah.”’ 5,

And He said:

‘Say, “Who provides for you from heaven and earth? Or who controls hearing and sight? Who brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living? And who governs all affairs?” They will say, “Allah.” So say, “Then will you not fear Him?”’ 6”7.

1 Surah al-Baqara, verse 22. 2 Reported by Ibn Jarīr in his Tafsīr, vol. 1, p. 164. 3 Reported by Ibn Jarīr in his Tafsīr, vol. 1, p. 164. 4 That is, concerning the polytheistic Arabs of the Jāhiliyya (pre-Islamic era). 5 Surah al-Zukhruf, verse 87. 6 Surah Yūnus, verse 31. 7 Ibn Jarīr, Tafsīr, vol. 1, p. 164.

وقول أهل العلم هذا أعني وصفهم لمن أثبت ربوبية الله وأنَّه الخالق الرزاق ... الخ بأنَّه مقر بتوحيد الربوبية وإن كان مشركاً في العبادة قولٌ مطابق لما جاء في القرآن الكريم. قال الله تعالى: ﴿فَلاَ تَجْعَلُوا للهِ أَندَاداً وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ﴾ ١. قال ابن عباس: "أي لا تشركوا بالله غيره من الأنداد التي لا تنفع ولا تضر وأنتم تعلمون أنَّه لا رب لكم يرزقكم غيره، وقد علمتم أنَّ الذي يدعوكم إليه الرسول ﷺ من توحيده هو الحق الذي لا شك فيه"٢. وقال قتادة: "أي تعلمون أنَّ الله خلقكم وخلق السموات والأرض ثم تجعلون له أنداداً٣". وقال ابن جرير " ... ولكن الله جل ثناؤه قد أخبر في كتابه عنها٤ أنَّها كانت تقر بالوحدانية غير أنَّها كانت تشرك في عبادته ما كانت تشرك فيها فقال جلَّ ثناؤه: ﴿وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللهُ﴾ ٥، وقال: ﴿قُلْ مَن يَّرْزُقُكُم مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالأَرْضِ أَمَّن يَّمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالأَبْصَارَ وَمَن يُّخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَن يُدَبِّرُ الأَمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلاَ تَتَّقُونَ﴾ ٦"٧.

١ سورة البقرة، الآية ٢٢. ٢ رواه ابن جرير في تفسيره (١/١٦٤) . ٣ رواه ابن جرير في تفسيره (١/١٦٤) . ٤ أي: عن العرب المشركين في الجاهلية. ٥ سورة الزخرف، الآية ٨٧. ٦ سورة يونس، الآية ٣١. ٧ تفسير ابن جرير (١/١٦٤) .