I invoke Allah’s blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allah, Muhammad—the bearer of glad tidings, the warner, and the radiant lamp—whom Allah sent as a mercy to all the worlds, made the Seal of the Prophets, and supported with the Wise Reminder. Through it, he demolished the arguments of the purveyors of falsehood and the doubts sown by the hypocrites. He raised the banner of truth—how high he raised it!—vanquished a falsehood that had long held sway, and explained the Quran to the Muslim nation with unsurpassed clarity.
Allah Most High says:
“We have sent down to you the Reminder so that you may explain to people what has been revealed to them, and perhaps they will reflect” (1).
He then entrusted his Companions with the duty of conveying the message after him, saying:
“May Allah brighten the face of one who hears a hadith from us, preserves it, and conveys it. A bearer of knowledge may convey it to someone who understands it better than he does, and a bearer of knowledge may himself lack understanding” (2).
They duly conveyed this trust to their Followers, and matters continued in this manner until Allah raised up eminent scholars to record his sunnah, for it explains the Book of Allah and clarifies those of its rulings that were stated only in general terms.
Allah Most High says:
“Whatever the Messenger gives you, take it; and whatever he forbids you from, refrain from it” (3).
Whoever denies his sunnah has indeed failed and suffered loss, casting the bond of Islam from his neck. May Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him and upon all his family and Companions.
To proceed: The book Jāmi al-Bayān ‘an Ta’wīl Āy al-Qur’ān (The Comprehensive Exposition of the Interpretation of the Verses of the Quran) (4), by Abū Ja‘far Muhammad ibn Jarīr al-Tabarī, is the greatest and foremost of all works of Quranic exegesis. This is not merely because of its chronological precedence, but because it is unique in its field: no one before Ibn Jarīr produced anything comparable to it. Scholars of both earlier and later generations are unanimous on this point, and there is scarcely an exegete who has not drawn from al-Tabarī’s commentary. Ibn Jarīr was therefore, in truth, the leading authority among Quranic exegetes and the exemplar of interpreters. In his commentary, he combined transmitted reports with critical analysis. Alongside his exceptional attention to transmission-based exegesis from the Companions and the Followers, he treats it so comprehensively that he examines exhaustively