Al-Radd ʿalā al-Manṭiqiyyīn - Ibn Taimiya - (497)

Al-Radd ʿalā al-ManṭiqiyyīnIbn Taimiya

and likewise with every subsequent intellect until they reach what they call the Active Intellect, maintaining that it rules over all that lies beneath the lunar sphere. Yet the Almighty says:

“And how many an angel there is in the heavens whose intercession will be of no avail at all, except after Allah gives permission to whom He wills and with whom He is pleased.” (Q 53:26)

He, Exalted is He, also says:

“But if they grow arrogant, those who are with your Lord glorify Him night and day, nor do they ever weary.” (Q 41:38)

And He says:

“To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth. Those who are with Him are never too proud to worship Him, nor do they tire. They glorify Him night and day, never flagging.” (Q 21:19-20)

He likewise says:

“Surely those who are with your Lord are not too proud to worship Him; they glorify Him, and before Him they prostrate.” (Q 7:206)

In the two Ṣaḥīḥ collections the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

“Will you not form rows as the angels do before their Lord?” They asked, “How do the angels form rows before their Lord?” He replied, “They fill the first row and then the next, standing shoulder to shoulder.”

This accords with His saying, “By those who line up in ranks, by those who drive away with stern rebuke, and by those who recite the Reminder.” (Q 37:1-3) and His words about them, “There is none among us but has a known station; indeed, we are the ones who line up in ranks, and indeed, we are the ones who glorify.” (Q 37:164-166)

The Exalted further says:

“Those who bear the Throne and those around it glorify their Lord with praise and believe in Him, and they seek forgiveness for those who believe: ‘Our Lord, You encompass all things in mercy and knowledge, so forgive those who repent and follow Your path and save them from the punishment of the Blaze.’” (Q 40:7)

And He says:

“O you who believe, guard yourselves and your families against a Fire whose fuel is people and stones, over which are angels—stern and mighty—who never disobey Allah in what He commands them, but do exactly what they are commanded.” (Q 66:6)

And He said…

وكذلك كل عقل حتى ينتهي إلى الفعال فيزعمون أنه رب لما تحت فلك القمر وقد قال سبحانه: {وَكَمْ مِنْ مَلَكٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ لا تُغْنِي شَفَاعَتُهُمْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَرْضَى} . وقال تعالى: {فَإِنِ اسْتَكْبَرُوا فَالَّذِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ يُسَبِّحُونَ لَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَهُمْ لا يَسْأَمُونَ} وقال تعالى: {وَلَهُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَلا يَسْتَحْسِرُونَ يُسَبِّحُونَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ لا يَفْتُرُونَ} وقال: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَيُسَبِّحُونَهُ وَلَهُ يَسْجُدُونَ} . وفي الصحيحين عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال: "ألا تصفون كما تصف الملائكة عند ربها قالوا وكيف تصف الملائكة عند ربها؟ قال: يسدون الأول فالأول ويتراصون في الصف " وهذا موافق لقوله تعالى: {وَالصَّافَّاتِ صَفّاً فَالزَّاجِرَاتِ زَجْراً فَالتَّالِيَاتِ ذِكْراً} ولقوله عنهم: {وَمَا مِنَّا إِلاَّ لَهُ مَقَامٌ مَعْلُومٌ وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الصَّافُّونَ وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْمُسَبِّحُونَ} . وقال تعالى: {الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَعِلْماً فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ} . وقال تعالى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَاراً وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ عَلَيْهَا مَلائِكَةٌ غِلاظٌ شِدَادٌ لا يَعْصُونَ اللَّهَ مَا أَمَرَهُمْ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُؤْمَرُونَ} وقال