Likewise, there is his authentically recorded statement:

“The Hour will not be established until a fire breaks out in the land of Ḥijāz, whose light will illuminate the necks of camels in Busra.”

That fire actually erupted before most of the infidels reached Baghdad, in the year 655 AH. The people of Busra transmitted in mutawātir fashion that, in their own town, they could see the necks of their camels by the glow of that blaze. The report of this fire became widely known and mass-transmitted after it burst forth in the mountains of Ḥijāz. It would scorch stone yet would not cook meat, and it caused people extreme terror.

Can any demonstrative or non-demonstrative syllogism possibly point to this particular event and enable someone to foretell it more than six hundred and fifty years before it occurred? The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—announced this at the very end of his mission, while Abū Hurayrah only embraced Islam in the year of Khaybar, 7 AH, accompanying the Prophet for less than four years; all the reports he narrated, therefore, are late in the Prophet’s career.

The same holds for everything else the Prophet reported—whether past, future, or present events. They themselves know it is impossible to learn such particulars through demonstrative logic or any other type of syllogism, for those methods yield only abstract universals, never concrete specifics.

As for the practical rulings he prescribed: even if they claim that their so-called moral, domestic, and civic philosophy resembles the practical sharīʿah he brought, this is a flagrant falsehood. Their “practical wisdom” rests on nothing more than their observation that the soul possesses two powers—desire and anger: desire for attracting…