Al-Rad 'ala al-JahmiyaAhmad Ibn Hanbal

A clarification of what Allah mentions in the Qur’an concerning the words, “He is with you,” comes in several senses:

Allah—exalted be His praise—said to Moses and Aaron,
“Indeed, I am with you both” [20:46],
meaning: to defend the two of you.

He said,
“When the two were in the cave and he said to his companion, ‘Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with us’” [9:40],
meaning: to protect us.

He said,
“How many a small company has overcome a large company by Allah’s permission; and Allah is with those who are patient” [2:249],
meaning: to grant them victory over their enemy.

He said,
“So do not falter and call for peace when you are superior; Allah is with you” [47:35],
meaning: to grant you victory over your enemy.

He said,
“They try to hide from Allah, yet He is with them” [4:108],
meaning: with His knowledge of them.

And He said,
“When the two hosts came into view, the companions of Moses said, ‘We will surely be overtaken!’ He replied, ‘No indeed; my Lord is with me—He will guide me.’” ⦗1⦘ [26:61–62].

(1) The foregoing verses, which affirm that the Lord—blessed and exalted—is with certain creatures, might give the impression…
بيان ما ذكر الله في القرآن: {وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ} ، وهذا على وجوه: قال الله جل ثناؤه لموسى: {إِنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا} [طه: ٤٦] . يقول: في الدفع عنكما. وقال: {ثَانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا} [التوبة: ٤٠] . يقول: في الدفع عنا. وقال: {كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ} [البقرة: ٢٤٩] . يقول: في النصر لهم على عدوهم. وقال: {فَلا تَهِنُوا وَتَدْعُوا إِلَى السَّلْمِ وَأَنْتُمْ الأَعْلَوْنَ وَاللَّهُ مَعَكُمْ} [محمد: ٣٥] . في النصر لكم على عدوكم. وقال: {وَلا يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ مَعَهُمْ} [النساء: ١٠٨] . يقول بعلمه فيهم. وقال: {فَلَمَّا تَرَاءَى الْجَمْعَانِ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ مُوسَى إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ، قَالَ كَلاَّ إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ} ١ [الشعراء: ٦١، ٦٢] .
١ إن الآيات السابقة التي تدل على معية الرب تبارك وتعالى مع بعض المخلوقين يوهم =

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