Rational Proofs That Allah Does Not Touch His Creation
He says: He is the God of those in the heavens and the God of those on earth. He is upon the Throne, and His knowledge surrounds everything beneath the Throne. No place is devoid of Allah’s knowledge, nor is His knowledge found in one place to the exclusion of another. Concerning this He says:
“That you may know that Allah is capable of all things and that Allah has encompassed everything in knowledge.” (At-Talaq 65:12)
By way of reflection: were a man to hold in his hand a crystal-clear glass vessel containing a pure drink, the human eye would take in the entire vessel without the man himself being inside it. In the same way—His is the highest comparison—Allah encompasses all of His creation without being inside any part of it.1
Another illustration: if a man built a house complete with all its facilities, then closed the door and walked out, he would still know how many rooms the house contained and the size of each room, even though the owner was not inside the house. So Allah—and to Him
(1) Ibn Taymiyya, may Allah have mercy on him, states in Bayan Talbis al-Jahmiyya, 2/546: “I have already established that every attribute of perfection affirmed for a creature is, a fortiori, even more applicable to the Creator. Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, therefore presented an illustration and a qiyas (analogy): if a servant can encompass with his sight what lies within his own hand and grasp, without being inside it or mingling with it, then Allah, exalted be He, is even more entitled to that capacity and it cannot be declared impossible for Him. Within this analogy Ahmad cited the verse, ‘To Him belongs al-mathal al-a‘la (the most exalted example),’ perfectly matching our point that Allah is affirmed by the qiyas al-awla (analogy of the stronger case) that issues from the highest example. An equal or inferior example can never be applied to Allah. Ahmad’s words and his citation of this verse therefore corroborate our earlier claim that analogies concerning the divine attributes are analogies of superiority: when a given perfection is granted to the servant, then Allah—who possesses the highest example—is even more deserving of it.”